An Epidemiologist Explains Why You Shouldnāt Dine Out for Valentineās Day
By Ryan Malosh
Editor's Note: With another holiday approaching, it's tempting to want a taste of freedom from COVID-19 social distancing. Who doesn't want sweet nothings over a glass of Champagne and some chocolate cake? But it's also important to remember that daily case numbers are still higher now than they were throughout most of 2020. The risk of catching COVID-19 is still extremely high in most parts of the country. Epidemiologist Ryan Malosh answers some questions about eating out and socializing.
Why Can't I Eat Out for Valentine's Day if I Socially Distance?
Restrictions on indoor dining are some of the hardest to swallow. We all have our favorite restaurants, and the experience of eating out is a big part of feeling normal. In addition, many restaurants are cornerstones of our communities, and owners and staff have struggled throughout the pandemic.
But dining indoors remains a high-risk activity. The most effective prevention strategies ā ventilation, physical distancing and wearing masks ā are challenging in this setting. Even when physical distancing is possible, scientists have found that long-range transmission can occur. Restaurants are trying to innovate ways to determine how safe their spaces are - including using CO2 monitors to gauge ventilation - but these technologies are far from guarantees of safety.
One recent study suggested that policies such as indoor dining restrictions may have saved nearly 2,000 lives in Michigan in the past few months. Takeout and delivery are much safer options (and, I think, more romantic).
Would It Matter if I Go at Off-Hours?
Another study, using mobility data to examine community spread, found that capacity restrictions can reduce the number of new infections tied to indoor dining, but they do not eliminate the risk.
Further, with new SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in a number of states, sitting for hours, maskless and indoors, with anyone outside your own household becomes even riskier. Experts know these variants spread more easily. Case counts, hospitalizations and deaths are starting to come down, but those encouraging trends are unlikely to continue if we collectively decide to throw caution to the wind now.
I've Been Vaccinated, So Why Can't I Burn My Mask?
First, the good news. The vaccines that have been authorized are marvels of medical science. The efficacy against symptomatic and severe infections is phenomenal, as high as 95% for the Pfizer vaccine. They are a big part of how we get back to something approximating normal. And evidence is emerging that vaccination can prevent asymptomatic transmission and reduces viral load, or the amount of virus people have inside them. These findings suggest that vaccination will also reduce transmission of the virus and contribute to herd immunity.
But the unknowns about how well vaccines work against these new variants mean we have to be careful just a bit longer ā and we don't yet know how long that will be. Plus, masks and other prevention strategies may also be lowering our risk of other serious illnesses, such as influenza.
Everyone in My Pod Has Been Vaccinated. Is It Safe to Gather at Someone's House Without Masks?
I think small gatherings where everyone has completed the vaccine regimens are probably going to be relatively safe. There isn't much data to support this yet, because the proportion of people vaccinated in the U.S. is still relatively low. But the studies I mentioned above all suggest that once your "quaranteam" is fully vaccinated, it will likely be safe to reconnect in this way. And discouraging people from doing so might actually discourage vaccination.
Everyone I Know Says They Are Being Safe but Then I Hear That They Had Brunch Out With a Group of Friends. How Can I Best Tell When My Friends' Ideas of Being Safe Align With My Own Ideas?
Some studies suggest people are downplaying the risks they're taking. People do this because they don't want to be judged. I can tell you from my personal experience that the best way to get honest answers is to be honest yourself. Talk about what level of risk you're taking and what level you're willing to accept. If someone is taking risks that you're not comfortable with, it is OK to tell them you'll see them after you get vaccinated.
The bottom line is that there is a lot to be hopeful about as vaccine distribution ramps up in the U.S. and cases come down. The major challenges over the next few months are to continue the progress we're making on community spread and to ensure that vaccines are available to the most vulnerable communities in an equitable way.
Ryan Malosh is an Assistant Research Scientist, University of Michigan.
Disclosure statement: Ryan Malosh receives salary support from the Centers for Disease Control and the Simons Foundation.
Reposted with permission from The Conversation.
The holidays can be overwhelming for many people. With shopping lists to check off, holiday dinners to cook and visitors to make room for, it's usually an eventful time of year. But in the midst of all the hustle and bustle, herbal supplements help you stay calm, cool and collected. Whether you're trying to avoid the in-laws or learning how to make a new meal for the first time, you can stay prepared with the best herbs for stress.
Holiday Stress, Cortisol and You
While the holiday season is a cheerful time to spend with friends and family, it is also one of the most stressful times of the year. With all of the added pressure related to finances, traveling and family commitments, your health can suffer.
Ultimately, the body ends up produces too many stress hormones, which elevates blood pressure, heart rate and breathing. At the same time, glucose is released into the bloodstream, digestion slows and the immune system becomes suppressed. Over time, this can lead to increased anxiety, hormone imbalances, sickness and gut health issues.
In the end, many of these complications are linked to cortisol, whose job it is to regulate several essential functions, including:
- Keeping you alert
- Preventing brain fog
- Reducing inflammation
- Promoting healing
- Burning fat for energy
- Controlling blood pressure
- Supporting memory
With cortisol levels out of control, it's easy to see how holiday stress can make you feel scattered, tired and overwhelmed. Luckily, the right herbs for stress may offer you some relief.
9 Herbs for Holiday Stress
Many of the best herbs for stress are adaptogens, which reduce cortisol, normalize bacteria levels and affect stress in a variety of ways. Others are familiar teas and essential oils that work to calm the mind and body.
The best herbs to reduce holiday stress are:
1. Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha has been widely studied for its effects on stress tolerance and cortisol production.
In one 2012 human study published in the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 64 test adults with a history of chronic stress were treated with either ashwagandha extract or a placebo for 60 days. According to the study's authors, "The findings of this study suggest that a high-concentration of full-spectrum Ashwagandha root extract safely and effectively improves an individual's resistance towards stress and thereby improves self-assessed quality of life."
This herbal supplement can also help with chronic stress, which if left untreated can lead to hormone imbalances throughout the body, including the thyroid. A 2018 human study found that supplementing with ashwagandha for eight weeks can help regulate thyroid levels in patients with underactive thyroids.
To top it all off, animal studies show that ashwagandha can prevent weight gain due to chronic stress, as well as prevent stress-related gastric ulcers.
2. Astragalus Root
Astragalus is an adaptogenic herb that's been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years to support the immune system and guard against stress. Now, modern research is beginning to support these claims.
A 2005 animal study found that astragalus root can decrease stress hormones and reduce inflammation in piglets. At the same time, a 2019 study published in the Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine found that astragalus root can boost antioxidant levels and support immunity in sheep.
3. Chamomile
Nothing takes the edge off of holiday stress like a hot cup of tea, and chamomile is just the tea for the job.
For starters, it's full of potent antioxidants like flavonoids and terpenes to help you fend off colds. Studies also show that chamomile tea can improve sleep quality and relieve depression in postpartum women. Quality sleep is important for reducing stress and chamomile is an ideal way to unwind and catch some Z's. Chamomile essential oil can also have stress reducing benefits when used in aromatherapy diffusers.
4. Cordyceps
Cordyceps is an adaptogenic medicinal mushroom with potent antioxidant properties. Not only can it calm the stress response and strengthen immunity, but it can also boost energy and improve exercise performance.
For example, a 2016 randomize, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that cordyceps can improve tolerance for high-intensity exercise after just 1-3 weeks of supplementation. At the same time, a separate human trial found that cordyceps can reduce cortisol and help you recover from stress faster.
5. Ginseng (Panax)
Ginseng is another adaptogen that has been shown to promote calmness, improve memory and reduce certain functions of the stress response. There are several strains of ginseng, but Panax ginseng contains the highest concentrations of therapeutic compounds.
In a 2010 human study published in the journal of Human Psychopharmacology, 30 healthy volunteers received either panax ginseng or a placebo for eight days. Researchers found that a 400 mg dose of ginseng improved calmness and enhanced mental arithmetic. A separate study also found that ginseng can reduce several indicators of chronic stress in rodents.
6. Holy Basil
Holy basil, also known as tulsi, has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years as an anti-aging treatment, as well as for skin disease, infections and the common cold. More recently, researchers have conducted several studies on its ability to reduce stress and enhance cognition.
For example, a 2015 human study found that holy basil can improve reaction times, reduce error rate and decrease cortisol compared to a placebo.
7. Lavender
Lavender is one of the most widely-studies herbs for reducing stress and anxiety. It's also one of the most common essential oils worldwide. Most importantly, lavender aromatherapy can reduce stress fast because its phytochemicals are small enough to pass through the nasal cavity, enter the bloodstream, and immediately cross the blood-brain barrier.
One 2016 human study found that inhaling lavender can reduce stress, anxiety and depression in postpartum women. However, lavender oil can also be absorbed through the skin and taken orally as lavender tea or an herbal supplement. Lavender oil is a powerful anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral that can boost immunity while reducing stress.
8. Passionflower
Passionflower can reduce stress and anxiety, and promote sleep by acting on GABA receptors in the brain. GABA is the primary neurotransmitter that's responsible for calming overactive brain activity.
One comparative study in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics tested passionflower against the prescription anti-anxiety medication oxazepam. 36 patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were treated with either passionflower, oxazepam, or a placebo. Researchers concluded that passionflower extract can be an effective treatment for GAD and exhibits fewer side effects than oxazepam.
9. Rhodiola
Rhodiola rosea is another powerful adaptogen that boosts the body's resistance to stress. A 2007 study published in the journal Drug Target Insights found that Rhodiola can improve mental performance under stress. A separate 2009 human trial found that rhodiola can decrease cortisol, improve mental performance and increase energy in patients with burnout syndrome and stress-related fatigue.
Other Ways to Avoid Holiday Stress
The holidays have a stressful side that many of us know all too well. When your head is spinning with family events, shopping and gift wrapping, plus your bank account is dwindling, stress can get the best of you. This can take a toll on your sleep quality, mental health, and general well being, but natural herbs can help combat holiday stress when it's at its worst.
In addition to taking natural herbal supplements, other practices like mindful meditation, exercise and healthy eating (even though it may be hard to do during the holidays) can be great ways to stay stress-free during the holiday season.
Justin Fowler-Lindner, a former EMT turned freelance writer, spends his days popping supplements and soaking up the sun in tropical destinations around the world.
- 6 Healthy Holiday Spices - EcoWatch ›
- 4 Essential Oils for Anxiety That Are Worth a Try - EcoWatch ›
Each product featured here has been independently selected by the writer. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.
The bright patterns and recognizable designs of Waterlust's activewear aren't just for show. In fact, they're meant to promote the conversation around sustainability and give back to the ocean science and conservation community.
Each design is paired with a research lab, nonprofit, or education organization that has high intellectual merit and the potential to move the needle in its respective field. For each product sold, Waterlust donates 10% of profits to these conservation partners.
Eye-Catching Designs Made from Recycled Plastic Bottles
waterlust.com / @abamabam
The company sells a range of eco-friendly items like leggings, rash guards, and board shorts that are made using recycled post-consumer plastic bottles. There are currently 16 causes represented by distinct marine-life patterns, from whale shark research and invasive lionfish removal to sockeye salmon monitoring and abalone restoration.
One such organization is Get Inspired, a nonprofit that specializes in ocean restoration and environmental education. Get Inspired founder, marine biologist Nancy Caruso, says supporting on-the-ground efforts is one thing that sets Waterlust apart, like their apparel line that supports Get Inspired abalone restoration programs.
"All of us [conservation partners] are doing something," Caruso said. "We're not putting up exhibits and talking about it ā although that is important ā we're in the field."
Waterlust not only helps its conservation partners financially so they can continue their important work. It also helps them get the word out about what they're doing, whether that's through social media spotlights, photo and video projects, or the informative note card that comes with each piece of apparel.
"They're doing their part for sure, pushing the information out across all of their channels, and I think that's what makes them so interesting," Caruso said.
And then there are the clothes, which speak for themselves.
Advocate Apparel to Start Conversations About Conservation
waterlust.com / @oceanraysphotography
Waterlust's concept of "advocate apparel" encourages people to see getting dressed every day as an opportunity to not only express their individuality and style, but also to advance the conversation around marine science. By infusing science into clothing, people can visually represent species and ecosystems in need of advocacy ā something that, more often than not, leads to a teaching moment.
"When people wear Waterlust gear, it's just a matter of time before somebody asks them about the bright, funky designs," said Waterlust's CEO, Patrick Rynne. "That moment is incredibly special, because it creates an intimate opportunity for the wearer to share what they've learned with another."
The idea for the company came to Rynne when he was a Ph.D. student in marine science.
"I was surrounded by incredible people that were discovering fascinating things but noticed that often their work wasn't reaching the general public in creative and engaging ways," he said. "That seemed like a missed opportunity with big implications."
Waterlust initially focused on conventional media, like film and photography, to promote ocean science, but the team quickly realized engagement on social media didn't translate to action or even knowledge sharing offscreen.
Rynne also saw the "in one ear, out the other" issue in the classroom ā if students didn't repeatedly engage with the topics they learned, they'd quickly forget them.
"We decided that if we truly wanted to achieve our goal of bringing science into people's lives and have it stick, it would need to be through a process that is frequently repeated, fun, and functional," Rynne said. "That's when we thought about clothing."
Support Marine Research and Sustainability in Style
To date, Waterlust has sold tens of thousands of pieces of apparel in over 100 countries, and the interactions its products have sparked have had clear implications for furthering science communication.
For Caruso alone, it's led to opportunities to share her abalone restoration methods with communities far and wide.
"It moves my small little world of what I'm doing here in Orange County, California, across the entire globe," she said. "That's one of the beautiful things about our partnership."
Check out all of the different eco-conscious apparel options available from Waterlust to help promote ocean conservation.
Melissa Smith is an avid writer, scuba diver, backpacker, and all-around outdoor enthusiast. She graduated from the University of Florida with degrees in journalism and sustainable studies. Before joining EcoWatch, Melissa worked as the managing editor of Scuba Diving magazine and the communications manager of The Ocean Agency, a non-profit that's featured in the Emmy award-winning documentary Chasing Coral.
The holiday season is packed with parties, work events, and family dinners where delicious foods and beverages are enjoyed. Most of these tasty treats include some aromatic spices like cinnamon, clove, or nutmeg.
Aside from the joy that savoring a sip of eggnog or a bite of gingerbread may bring, consuming spices used to make these recipes may do wonders for your overall health thanks to the powerful plant compounds they contain.
This article covers six of the healthiest holiday spices that can be easily incorporated into a variety of festive dishes.
1. Cinnamon
Cinnamon is one of the most popular spices to use, especially during the holiday season. It's used to flavor favorites like pumpkin pie, sweet potato casseroles, and spiced apple cider.
Cinnamon brings a warm, spicy taste to recipes, making it a perfect addition to both sweet and savory dishes served during Thanksgiving, Christmas, Hanukkah, and New Years. It's also popularly used in seasonal beverages like eggnog.
Aside from its versatility, cinnamon offers a wealth of health-promoting benefits.
For example, studies demonstrate that cinnamon has powerful anti-inflammatory effects and may help lower blood sugar and blood pressure levels when taken in high doses as a supplement. Cinnamon may offer anticancer, neuroprotective, and metabolic benefits as well.
Cinnamon contains compounds including cinnamaldehyde and proanthocyanidins, which have potent antioxidant properties and may help protect cells against oxidative damage, which is critical for disease prevention.
When shopping for cinnamon, choose Ceylon cinnamon or "true cinnamon" whenever possible for the most benefits.
2. Ginger
Ginger is a popular ingredient in health products, and for good reason.
This pungent holiday spice is packed with health-promoting compounds including gingerols, shogaols, and paradols. Dried ginger, which is most commonly used in holiday recipes, is most concentrated in shogaols while fresh ginger is packed with gingerols.
Consuming ginger can positively impact overall health in many ways as ginger has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects.
Ginger supplements are commonly used as effective, natural treatments for nausea, infections, heartburn, bloating, and gas.
Plus, many research studies in animals and test tubes have shown that ginger has powerful anticancer properties, and that ginger may help inhibit cell growth and induce cellular death in certain types of cancer including gastrointestinal cancer and ovarian cancer.
Try incorporating fresh ginger into teas, dressings, marinades, and fresh juices, or using dried ginger in baked goods and dry rubs to reap the many impressive health benefits this spice has to offer.
3. Nutmeg
Nutmeg has a distinctive, slightly nutty flavor that gives a powerful kick to holiday recipes like custards, ciders, and roasts.
In addition to its delicious taste, nutmeg contains a plethora of antioxidants that can benefit health in a number of ways. Terpenes, cyanidins, and phenolic compounds are just some of the powerful antioxidants found in this tasty spice.
Due to its high concentration of health-promoting plant compounds, nutmeg delivers a variety of health benefits.
Research has shown that this spice has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties and may help improve blood sugar control and heart health when taken in high doses.
Some research in animals has even demonstrated that nutmeg may be an effective natural treatment method for boosting libido.
Nutmeg is delicious when used in savory recipes such as curries and meat dishes, and it gives desserts like crisps, pies, and puddings a pleasant punch of flavor.
4. Allspice
Allspice is the dried unripe berries of Pimenta dioica, which is native to the West Indies, Central America, and Mexico. It's used in traditional Carribean recipes like jerk chicken and mole sauces, and it's a staple in holiday dishes such as spiced apple cider, soups, and gingerbread.
Additionally, allspice has been used for hundreds of years as a folk remedy to treat ailments including indigestion, pain, headaches, and more.
Allspice has a spicy taste and pungent aroma and is rich in medicinal compounds including polyphenols, terpenoids, and lignans that offer antioxidant, antihypertensive, antiviral, and anticancer effects.
In particular, the bioactive compounds eugenol, ericifolin, and gallic acid, which are concentrated in nutmeg, have been studied for their potent anti-tumor properties.
For example, one test tube study found that eugenol was effective in fighting an aggressive type of breast cancer while another study found that allspice extract stopped the spread of, and induced cell death in prostate cancer cells. Although these findings are promising, human studies are needed to confirm these potential benefits.
5. Clove
Clove is another popular holiday spice that has a rich history. Clove has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine practices to treat pain and fight infections.
Like allspice, clove is rich in eugenol and gallic acid, as well as a number of other phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds, all of which offer impressive health benefits.
Clove has powerful antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties.
What's more, some research suggests that clove may offer anticancer effects due to its high concentration of eugenol. In fact, eugenol makes up around 89% of clove essential oil.
Additionally, clove oil has been shown to have powerful antifungal effects against Candida yeast and Aspergillus fungus, which commonly cause infections in humans.
Clove has a strong, slightly bitter flavor, so you only need to add a small amount of this spice to your favorite holiday recipes. Try adding clove to meat dishes, veggies, and baked goods.
You can even add a dash of this healthy spice to your coffee or hot chocolate for a seasonal taste during the holiday season.
6. Cardamom
Cardamom is a spice commonly used around the holidays to add a kick of flavor to baked goods and stews.
It is a staple ingredient in Indian cuisine and has been used in traditional medicine practices throughout history to treat medical conditions such as heart disease, constipation, colic, and fungal infections.
Recent research has demonstrated that cardamon may offer a variety of health benefits due to the abundance of phytochemicals ā including myrcene, limonene, subinene, cineol, α-pinene, β-sitostenone, and γ-sitosterol ā concentrated in this pungent spice.
A rodent study found that treatment with cardamom powder improved blood sugar, prevented increases in blood lipids, and reduced liver inflammation in rats fed a high fat diet over an 8-week period.
Other studies in test tubes and animals have demonstrated that cardamom may offer antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Plus, one human study showed that supplementation with 3 grams of cardamom powder for 12 weeks significantly decreased blood pressure and significantly increased antioxidant levels in 20 adults with hypertension.
Interestingly, human studies are currently being conducted to assess the potential impact of cardamom supplementation on blood sugar, cholesterol, and inflammatory markers in people with diabetes and obesity, yet the results are not yet available.
Although the small amounts of cardamom used in cooking are unlikely to have the same benefits as high-dose supplements, adding cardamom to holiday recipes may benefit overall health by providing a wealth of protective plant compounds.
The Bottom Line
The holiday spices listed above are not only delicious, but they offer an abundance of powerful phytochemicals that may protect overall health.
Try adding these flavorful spices to your favorite seasonal recipes to kick up the flavor and nutritional benefits of your meal.
Registered dietitian Jillian Kubala holds a master's degree in nutrition from Stony Brook University School of Medicine as well as an undergraduate degree in nutrition science. She is certified in plant-based nutrition through the T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies at Cornell University.
- 10 Healthy Holiday Side Dishes - EcoWatch ›
- Surviving the Holiday Season With These 9 Herbs for Stress - EcoWatch ›
The last things your eco-minded relatives want to find in their stockings are single-use plastics and tchotchkes that will end up in a landfill.
This holiday season, use our guide to impress them with eco-friendly stocking stuffers they'll truly appreciate.
For more holiday ideas, check out our list of the best eco-friendly gifts of 2020, our sustainable gift wrap guide, and a few of our tips for having a green Christmas.
1. TreeBird Biodegradable Dental Floss with a Refillable Glass Holder
There are many sustainable swaps on our list of the best eco-friendly stocking stuffers, but TreeBird's Plastic-Free Dental Floss is one everyone can use. This minty-fresh floss comes in a small glass jar that can be continually refilled with TreeBird floss spools. The floss is waxed with a vegan candelilla wax for a smooth glide, and you can even pair it with a TreeBird Bamboo Toothbrush Set if you're so inclined.
Customer Rating: 4.2 out of 5 stars with nearly 800 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Plastic-free; Low-waste; Biodegradable materials; Compostable packaging
2. Formuson Reusable Telescopic Stainless-Steel Straw Set with Case and Cleaning Brush
The perils of plastic straws became highly publicized after that infamous turtle video, but Formuson's Telescopic Stainless-Steel Straws make it easy to refuse these single-use plastics. They are adjustable in length, can be used with hot or cold beverages, and come with a mini cleaning brush and lightweight case that's small enough to comfortably fit in your pocket or purse.
Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars with nearly 500 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Easy to clean; BPA-free; Recyclable packaging
3. Light My Fire Titanium Spork
One additional way to stop plastic waste on the go is to keep a reusable cutlery set in your car, purse, or pocket. The lightweight yet durable Light My Fire Titanium Spork combines a knife, fork, and spoon into one compact tool that's perfect for anything from lunch in the office to dinner on the hiking trail.
Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 stars with nearly 4,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Low-waste; Non-toxic; Lightweight; Durable; Dishwasher-safe; BPA-free
4. Baggu Standard Reusable Shopping Bag
Another eco-friendly stocking stuffer that will help you ditch single-use plastic is the Baggu Standard Reusable Shopping Bag. Baggu totes are modeled after standard plastic grocery bags but are made with durable ripstop fabric that can hold up to 50 pounds. They also stuff down into a 5-inch internal pocket for convenient carrying and come in a variety of prints and solid colors.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with nearly 50 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Machine-washable; Made with 40% recycled materials; Ethically manufactured; Packaging made from Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified material
5. Ecoijy Wool Dryer Balls
Not only do Ecoijy Wool Dryer Balls eliminate the need for wasteful dryer sheets, they also save energy by decreasing the time it takes to dry your clothes and linens. These dryer balls are made with 100% New Zealand wool, can be used for over 1,000 loads of laundry, and can be sprinkled with essential oils to give you a fresh scent.
Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 stars with over 7,500 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Low-waste; Energy-efficient; Hypoallergenic; Biodegradable; Non-toxic
6. Beeās Wrap Sustainable and Reusable Beeswax Food Wraps
Bee's Wrap Sustainable and Reusable Beeswax Food Wraps are one of the best eco-friendly stocking stuffers for any home chef ā even if you're just cooking up a dish from your meal delivery service. These plastic-wrap alternatives make storing leftovers a breeze, as they can self-seal or cling to the rim of a bowl or plate to keep food fresh longer.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with over 4,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Certified B Corp; Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) certified; Sustainably harvested beeswax; Organic; Green America certified; Compostable
7. Maxware Refillable Coffee Filters For Keurig
A single-use item that's become a staple of modern living is Keurig coffee pods, or K-cups. In fact, the inventor of K-cups has said he regrets making them because of how wasteful they are. Thankfully, there's a sustainable solution: Maxware Refillable Coffee Filters. Simply fill them with your favorite coffee, tea, or cocoa mix, pop them into your Keurig like a standard K-cup, rinse, and repeat.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with over 13,500 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Refillable
8. RONXS USB Lighter
Eco-conscious gadget-lovers rave about the RONXS USB Lighter. This high-tech yet sustainable lighter takes the place of matches, disposable plastic Bic lighters, and even Zippos that need to be refilled with a butane canister. The RONXS model uses an electric pulse to light candles, grills, fireplaces, or anything else you want to burn this holiday season.
Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars with over 7,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Rechargeable; No butane or liquid; Odorless burn
9. Spaces Organic Reusable Makeup Remover Pads
Instead of using a makeup wipe or a single-use cotton round to remove your cruelty-free makeup, upgrade to Spaces Organic Reusable Makeup Remover Pads. They're made with a cotton and bamboo blended material that gently exfoliates while cleansing, and the pack of 20 pads come with a laundry bag for easy cleaning.
Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 stars with over 2,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Made with organic bamboo and cotton fabric; Zero-waste; Reusable; Machine-washable
10. Decomposition Book Pocket-Size Notebook
The final product on our list of the best eco-friendly stocking stuffers is a Decomposition Book Pocket-Size Notebook. Stow this 4-inch-by-6-inch book in your back pocket to fill with ideas, or toss it in your hiking bag to jot down trailside reflections. There are also standard-sized Decomposition Books and spiral-bound Decomposition Books that may not fit in a stocking but would make great gift ideas.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with less than 50 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Printed with soy ink; Pages made 100% post-consumer waste recycled paper; Made in the USA
Melissa Smith is an avid writer, scuba diver, backpacker, and all-around outdoor enthusiast. She graduated from the University of Florida with degrees in journalism and sustainable studies. Before joining EcoWatch, Melissa worked as the managing editor of Scuba Diving magazine and the communications manager of The Ocean Agency, a non-profit that's featured in the Emmy award-winning documentary Chasing Coral.
- 11 Eco-Friendly Gift Wrapping Ideas - EcoWatch ›
- So the Kids Want a Dog for Christmas. Is Adopting One a Good Idea ... ›
Whether you're a conscious consumer yourself or are looking for the perfect gift for your environmentally-friendly friend or family member, we've rounded up the best eco-friendly gifts for sustainable living this holiday season.
According to Stanford University, Americans toss 25 percent more trash between Thanksgiving and New Year's Day than any other time of year. Don't become a statistic ā check out our last-minute eco-friendly stocking stuffer ideas, sustainable gift wrap guide, and the products listed below to have a low- or even zero-waste holiday.
Each product featured here has been independently selected by the writer. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.
1. Utopia Kitchen Stainless Steel Countertop Compost Bin
If you want to reduce your waste but are tight on space, the Utopia Kitchen Countertop Compost Bin is a must-have. This bin is ideal for apartment composting, as it holds five liters of food scraps and uses charcoal filters to eliminate odors and pests. Plus, it has a convenient handle for carrying your compost outside or to a food waste recycling center.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with more than 8,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Odor-free composting; Easy to clean; Plastic-free
2. Yarkor Bamboo Tofu Press
The key to delicious tofu is pressing the excess water out before cooking, but doing this can be a messy and time-consuming process. That's why one of our best eco-friendly gifts for plant-based eaters is the Yarkor Bamboo Tofu Press. It has a simple design that presses tofu blocks pressed between two bamboo plates while excess water drains into an easy-to-clean, leak-proof compartment.
Customer Rating: 4.3 out of 5 stars with more than 150 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Vegan-friendly; Easy to clean; Plastic-free
3. Hydro Flask Insulated Water Bottle
Carrying a reusable, eco-friendly water bottle is one of the easiest ways to reduce your single-use plastic consumption ā and stay hydrated throughout the day. We recommend Hydro Flasks because they're fun and functional, have a grippy powder coating that prevents bottle sweating, and can keep beverages hot or cold for hours on end.
Customer Rating: 4.8 out of 5 stars with nearly 11,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Free of BPA and phthalates; Easy to clean; Dishwasher safe
4. AeroGarden Harvest 360 Indoor Hydroponic Garden
With an AeroGarden Indoor Hydroponic Garden, even serial plant-killers can have fresh herbs year-round. This innovative system takes the work out of gardening ā simply pop in the seed pods, add plant food or water when necessary, and let nature take its course. If whomever you're shopping for already owns an AeroGarden, they may appreciate a Salad Greens or Salsa Garden Seed Pod Kit to grow.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with more than 1,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Non-GMO seeds
5. Mioeco Reusable Unpaper Towels
"Unpaper" towels are a zero-waste alternative to your typical kitchen roll. Mioeco Reusable Unpaper Towels come in packs of 10 or 20 and can be wrapped around an old paper towel roll for convenience. They're made in a solar-powered, carbon-neutral facility and are Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) certified, which means they're made with at least 95% organic fiber and aren't treated with harmful chemicals and dyes.
Customer Rating: 4.4 out of 5 stars with nearly 1,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Solar-powered, carbon-neutral manufacturing; GOTS-certified material; Machine-washable; Plastic-free
6. Original Grind Coffee Co. One-Gallon Cold Brew Coffee Maker
Looking for eco-friendly gifts for the coffee lover in your life? The Original Grind Cold Brew Coffee Maker takes single-use plastics out of your morning routine. Just pour your favorite coarse-ground beans into the mesh filter, fill it with water, and let it sit for 12 to 18 hours. The stainless-steel spigot allows for no-spill dispensing, and you can use the grounds to make a DIY exfoliant (or toss them in your brand-new compost bin).
Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 stars with more than 700 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Plastic-free; Easy to clean; Great for small kitchens and apartments
7. KeepCup 16oz Reusable Coffee Cup
After you've brewed your coffee, you'll need something to drink it out of. We like the KeepCup 16oz Reusable Coffee Cup, which can be filled at home or at a coffee shop (COVID-permitting). These sleek to-go mugs come in a variety of lid colors and sizes, but none is too big to fit in a standard cup holder. KeepCup is a certified B Corp, and the company donates part of its annual revenue to protect the environment through the 1% for the Planet initiative.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with almost 15,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Packaging made from Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified cardboard; Certified B Corp; Supports 1% for the Planet; Free of BPA and BPS
8. Origin Fruit and Tea Glass Infuser Bottle
If you're more of a tea person, the Origin Fruit and Tea Glass Infuser Bottle might be up your alley. The bottle comes with a fine-mesh strainer insert that you can fill with loose tea or fruit slices to make infused water or tea on the go. Along with promoting sustainability, Origin is a socially responsible company, donating 2% of revenue to address extreme poverty.
Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars with almost 500 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: BPA, BPS, PVC, and lead-free; Dishwasher safe; Zero-waste; Supports socially conscious initiatives
9. Stasher 100% Silicone Food-Grade Reusable Storage Bag Set
The Stasher Reusable Storage Bag Set helps you cut out single-use plastic without skipping on convenience. They have a locking seal that keeps food fresh and can be tossed in the dishwasher after use. This gift set comes in multiple colors and includes two sandwich bags, a snack bag, and a half-gallon bag, making it a great eco-friendly gift for just about anyone on your list.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with more than 700 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Dishwasher-safe; Non-toxic; Free of PVC, BPA, and latex; Supports 1% for the Planet; Certified B Corp
10. SodaStream Fizzi One TouchĀ Sparkling Water Maker
LaCroix cans cluttering your recycling bin? Ditch the aluminum and start making your own seltzer with the SodaStream Fizzi One Touch Sparkling Water Maker. The SodaStream infuses still water with carbon dioxide bubbles using CO2 canisters that can be sent back to the company to refill. It comes with a BPA-free plastic bottle, but you can also purchase a glass replacement. And don't forget the Fruit Drops for added flavor.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with more than 700 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; Dishwasher-safe; Non-toxic; Free of PVC, BPA, and latex; Supports 1% for the Planet; CO2 canisters are reusable
11. Pela 100% Compostable and Biodegradable Phone Case
If someone on your list is getting a new phone from Santa, get them an eco-friendly gift to go with it, like the Pela 100% Compostable and Biodegradable Phone Case. Not only are Pela cases stylish, but they're made from recycled materials, a plant-based biopolymer, and flax straw fibers that are a waste byproduct of producing flaxseed oil.
Customer Rating: 4.6 out of 5 stars with more than 350 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Zero-waste; 100% compostable and biodegradable; Non-toxic; Sustainable packaging; Supports 1% for the Planet; Certified B Corp; Made from recycled materials
12. Suga Recycled Wetsuit Yoga Mat
The Suga Recycled Wetsuit Yoga Mat is one of our favorite sustainable gifts for yogis. Made from old surfing wetsuits, these upcycled neoprene mats are grippy, supportive, and more durable than a typical yoga mat. Plus, Suga encourages sending mats back for recycling at the end of their useful lives. Not sold on Suga? See our eco-friendly yoga mat review for more green gift options.
Customer Rating: 4.4 out of 5 stars with under 100 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Made in the USA; Made from recycled materials; Can be sent back and recycled by the company; Supports 1% for the Planet; Non-toxic
13. Sheets & Giggles 100% Eucalyptus Lyocell Sheet Set
Luxury meets sustainability with the Sheets & Giggles 100% Eucalyptus Lyocell Sheet Set. These buttery soft bed linens are made from high-quality eucalyptus wood pulp that's harvested on sustainably managed, biodiverse farms instead of wild forests. The best part? For every tree harvested, Sheets & Giggles plants two more trees in its place.
Customer Rating: 4.4 out of 5 stars with nearly 1,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Hypoallergenic; 100% biodegradable; Non-plastic packaging; Pesticide-free; Plants one tree for every order received and two trees for every tree harvested
14. 4ocean Signature Blue Bracelet
4ocean removes a pound of trash from the ocean for every product sold. Since 2017, the company has pulled nearly 12 million pounds of trash from our waterways and sustainably disposed of them, including recycling glass and plastic bottles to create their 4ocean Signature Bracelets. These bracelets make a beautiful, eco-friendly gift for those who like to show off their care for the environment.
Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars with more than 1,000 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Each purchase removes 1 pound of trash from the ocean; Certified B Corp; Made from recycled plastic and glass
15. Prestige Decanter Bourbon Barrel Whiskey Decanter
You can feel good about giving this eco-friendly gift to your dad, husband, brother, or any other whiskey enthusiast on your list. Not only is each Prestige Decanter Bourbon Barrel Whiskey Decanter made with sustainable materials, but for each product sold, the company plants one tree. The hand-blown decanter holds 1,000 milliliters and is available in many styles.
Customer Rating: 4.3 out of 5 stars with about 150 Amazon reviews
Why Buy: Handcrafted; Lead-free; Recyclable packaging; Plants a tree for each decanter sold
Melissa Smith is an avid writer, scuba diver, backpacker, and all-around outdoor enthusiast. She graduated from the University of Florida with degrees in journalism and sustainable studies. Before joining EcoWatch, Melissa worked as the managing editor of Scuba Diving magazine and the communications manager of The Ocean Agency, a non-profit that's featured in the Emmy award-winning documentary Chasing Coral.
Around the holidays, it's estimated that Americans throw out an extra 1 million tons of trash per week ā and one of the biggest offenders of seasonal waste is single-use gift wrap.
Use the tips in this eco-friendly gift wrapping guide to cut down your environmental impact this year.
1. Wrap Boxes With Brown Paper Bags
Newspaper is the old standard, but for those of us who don't receive a physical paper ā or who just want to make our gifts a little more personal ā recyclable paper bags work great. If you've got a stash of, say, Trader Joe's bags taking over your cabinet, cut them flat and use the non-printed side as a canvas. Decorate with a hand-written message, drawing, or stamped design.
2. Reuse Cardboard Shipping Boxes
Using your delivery parcels instead of store-bought gift boxes is one of the easiest eco-friendly gift wrapping swaps you can make. Likely, this year you'll be doing more online shopping than risking crowded stores, which means many items will come in a perfect-sized box that's ready for wrapping. Just don't forget to recycle or compost all of that cardboard after Christmas morning.
3. Upcycle Other Shipping Supplies
Boxes aren't the only thing you can reuse from your online purchases. Throughout the year, save the tissue paper sheets and brown or white packing paper companies often use to ship their products. Then, when the holidays come around, you'll have your eco-friendly gift wrap ready to go. The reflective bubble wrap you may receive in your meal delivery service makes for great festive wrapping, too.
4. Make Your Own Stamps
Of course, not all packages come in a box. Padded envelopes are another popular way to ship small items. Before recycling, repurpose bubble-lined mailers into stamps. You can cut out holiday shapes like stars and gingerbread men, or paint individual bubbles different colors to create fun polka-dot patterns. You can even make it extra sustainable by using crushed up berries for ink.
5. Add Natural Festive Touches
Rather than use a shiny plastic bow, go au naturale with tree branches, cotton buds, cinnamon sticks, small pinecones, rosemary, fallen leaves, or whatever else you can sustainably source in your area. The easiest way to gather eco-friendly gift garnishes is to clip sprigs off your own Christmas tree, but you can also pick some off the ground at your neighborhood tree lot or get scraps from local farms.
6. Swap Paper for Fabric Gift Wrap
Make your eco-friendly gift wrapping part of your present by opting for a scarf, shawl, pocket square, or handkerchief over traditional paper. As the above video shows, it takes just seconds to package items using the Furoshiki method of fabric wrapping ā and you don't even need to box the item beforehand, which cuts out another piece of holiday waste.
7. Use Biodegradable Paper Tape
A not-so-obvious source of holiday waste is what holds your packaging together: single-use plastic tape. For eco-friendly gift wrapping, consider using compostable paper tape or washi tape. These biodegradable alternatives are made with wood fibers, pulp, or bark and natural adhesives. They come in a multitude of patterns and colors ā including plain brown ā and you can even find festive rolls coated with sustainable glitter.
8. Ditch the Tape Altogether
You don't have to be an origami pro to learn the art of tape-free gift wrapping. As you can see in the video above, it's pretty simple to fold your wrapping paper into itself and secure your gift with no tape required. If you do happen to be an origami pro (or if all the holiday cheer has left you optimistically ambitious), there are ways to incorporate fun folds into your wrapping, too.
9. Turn Old Clothes Into Ribbons and Bows
ŠŠ²Š³ŠµŠ½ŃŃ ŠŠøŃŠ¾ŃŠøŠ½Š° / Unsplash
Button-down shirts, flannels, or even T-shirts you no longer need can be upcycled into reusable fabric ribbons and bows. Cut strips as thin or as thin as you'd like, then tie them around your boxes to add some color and texture to your gifts. You can sew around the outside for a more durable ribbon, or leave the frayed edges for a rustic feel.
10. Tie Gifts Up With Compostable Twine
Don't have any clothing you're willing to part with? You're not totally out of luck. Many thin ropes and twines are made from organic cotton, hemp, and other natural fibers that can be reused as eco-friendly gift wrapping year after year or composted after use.
11. Look Through Old Household Items
You probably have many items lying around that can be used as unconventional yet beautiful eco-friendly gift wrapping materials for smaller gifts. The outdated road maps cluttering your glove compartment, books on the shelf you'll never read again, and sheet music collecting dust after your child quit the middle-school band can all be given a second life around the holidays. Think creatively about regifting or look for sustainable corporate gifts ideas this time of year.
FAQ: Eco-Friendly Gift Wrapping
Is wrapping paper recyclable?
Some wrapping paper is recyclable, and some is not. If it's metallic, has glitter on it, is textured, or has a waxy coating, it can't be recycled. However, plain, unlaminated wrapping papers are usually able to be recycled. Check with your local waste management agency to see specific guidelines for your area.
Is tissue paper recyclable?
Because most tissue paper is made with low-grade paper, it is not typically recyclable. However, some recycling facilities may accept it, so be sure to check with your local waste management agency. Thankfully, tissue paper tends to hold up well year after year, so it can be reused for many holiday seasons.
How do you wrap a gift?
Wrapping gifts is like riding a bike: once you learn, you'll never forget it ā but there may be some ugly moments along the way. Check out the video below to learn the basics of wrapping presents (but make sure you implement our eco-friendly gift wrapping ideas, too).
Watch this video on how to gift wrap a box:Ā
Melissa Smith is an avid writer, scuba diver, backpacker, and all-around outdoor enthusiast. She graduated from the University of Florida with degrees in journalism and sustainable studies. Before joining EcoWatch, Melissa worked as the managing editor of Scuba Diving magazine and the communications manager of The Ocean Agency, a non-profit that's featured in the Emmy award-winning documentary Chasing Coral.
- 3 Major UK Retailers Are Banning Glitter This Christmas Over ... ›
- 5 Ways to Have a Green Christmas (and Help the Planet) - EcoWatch ›
- EcoWatch's Favorite Green Gifts for the Holidays - EcoWatch ›
Many people fear they will pack on pounds during the holiday season because of the abundance of indulgent dishes and tasty treats served at dinners, parties, and work events.
Although enjoying your favorite recipes can be an important part of the holiday tradition, making sure that you balance your diet with nutritious foods can help you stay happy and healthy this holiday season.
Here are 10 healthy side dishes perfect for seasonal celebrations.
1. Brussels Sprout Slaw With Manchego
Brussels sprouts are nutrient-dense cruciferous vegetables that offer an abundance of health benefits. For example, Brussels sprouts are rich in anti-inflammatory antioxidants including kaempferol, which has been shown to provide neuroprotective, anticancer, and heart health promoting effects (1).
Even though this vegetable is highly nutritious, many people don't like the taste of Brussels sprouts, especially when they develop a mushy texture after being cooked.
To make a holiday side dish that everyone will love, try out this Brussels sprout slaw recipe that combines crispy, raw Brussels sprouts with other tasty ingredients like almonds and manchego cheese.
2. Paleo Sweet Potato and Cranberry Stuffing
While traditional bread-based stuffing recipes are usually delicious, they can be high in calories and full of ingredients that aren't good for overall health.
For a nutritious spin on traditional stuffing, try out this inventive recipe that uses sweet potatoes instead of bread as a base. Sweet potatoes are loaded with nutrients including vitamin C and provitamin A and provide an excellent source of filling fiber.
Leave out the sausage and add legumes for a punch of plant-based protein for a vegetarian-friendly version.
3. Cauliflower Butternut Squash and Sage Mash
If you're looking for a tasty side dish, try this flavorful mash recipe that uses cauliflower and butternut squash as stand-ins for regular old potatoes.
Both cauliflower and butternut squash offer an abundance of nutrients that can benefit health in many ways. They are both teeming with vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fiber ā which can help boost the health of your digestive system (2, 3).
Sage not only adds flavor to this mash, but it boosts the health benefits thanks to the abundance of powerful plant compounds contained within its pleasant-tasting leaves including flavonoid antioxidants and essential oils (4).
4. Quinoa Stuffed Acorn Squash
Acorn squash are small in size and make a perfect vessel for a nutritious stuffing mixture when cut in half and roasted. Acorn squash are loaded with carotenoid antioxidants like beta-carotene, which may provide immune-boosting effects and enhance the health of the eyes, heart, and brain (5).
Quinoa, on the other hand, is a highly nutritious, gluten-free pseudo-cereal that's packed with plant-based protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals (6).
Try this recipe for quinoa stuffed acorn squash to impress even the most hard-to-please dinner guests.
5. Harvest Stuffed Sweet Potatoes
This recipe for stuffed sweet potatoes makes an excellent side dish to bring to holiday dinners and can also be used to make a quick, hearty meal for you and your family on cold winter nights.
To make this recipe more filling, add an additional source of protein such as fried eggs, roast chicken, or chickpeas.
The cranberries and Bartlett pears add a subtle hint of sweetness while the walnuts provide a crunchy texture. Leave out the maple syrup to reduce your added sugar intake and create a more savory tasting stuffed sweet potato.
6. Parmesan Crusted Delicata Squash Rings
Unlike most holiday appetizers, this recipe for parmesan crusted delicata squash is both delicious and nutritious.
Delicata squash have a sweet, nutty flavor and are high in many nutrients, including provitamin A, vitamin C, and potassium ā a mineral essential for blood pressure regulation, muscle function, and nerve transmission (7, 8).
Sprinkle the finished product with fresh, chopped herbs like basil and oregano and serve with a no-sugar-added marinara dipping sauce for a super healthy holiday side dish.
7. Herb Stuffed Mushrooms
Mushrooms are packed with health-promoting nutrients like B vitamins, copper, and potassium. They are especially high in selenium, a mineral that acts as a powerful antioxidant in the body and plays essential roles in DNA synthesis and hormone metabolism (9, 10).
This recipe loads mushroom caps with a mixture of almond flour, sun-dried tomatoes, nutritional yeast, and fresh herbs like parsley and mint, all of which provide a number of benefits.
For example, nutritional yeast adds a boost of B vitamins while the fresh herbs offer a wide array of potent plant compounds that can help boost overall health (11).
8. Kale Salad With Apples and Cheddar
There's no doubt that kale is one of the most nutritious vegetables you can eat, providing over 100% of the daily value for vitamin K1, provitamin A, and vitamin C in just one cup. It's also a great source of manganese, a mineral that's important for the health of the skeletal and immune systems (12, 13).
Pairing kale with tart apples, chopped almonds, and creamy cheddar cheese creates a flavor combination that is sure to wow your holiday guests.
When following this recipe, be sure to finely chop your kale to make it tender and pleasing to eat.
9. Crockpot Rosemary, Carrot, and Parsnip Mash
Having a crockpot makes creating healthy holiday side dishes a breeze. This super nutritious recipe combines carrots, parsnips, and rosemary to create a delectable mash.
Parsnips make an excellent substitute for potatoes and are chock full of nutrients including vitamin C and folateāa B vitamin that's critical for fetal development and the production of red blood cells and DNA (14).
Carrots are also a nutritious choice, providing a dose of fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants like beta-carotene and lutein (15).
10. Garlic Roasted Broccoli
This garlic roasted broccoli recipe combines two of the most nutritious foods you can eat into one mouthwatering side dish.
Fresh garlic is a concentrated source of sulfur compounds including allicin and ajoene, which may provide anticancer, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic effects according to scientific research (16).
Broccoli is a cruciferous vegetable that's a hit with adults and children alike. This tasty vegetable is a concentrated source of folate, magnesium, vitamin C, potassium, manganese, provitamin A, and vitamin K1 (17).
Broccoli also contains a wide array of antioxidants such as kaempferol, quercetin, and sulforaphane, all of which offer an abundance of health-promoting effects (18).
Registered dietitian Jillian Kubala holds a master's degree in nutrition from Stony Brook University School of Medicine as well as an undergraduate degree in nutrition science. She is certified in plant-based nutrition through the T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies at Cornell University.
By Michael Svoboda, Ph.D.
Looking for climate-oriented gifts that can be purchased, delivered, and enjoyed under COVID-safe, socially-distanced conditions? Look no further.
For this year's holiday gift guide, Yale Climate Connections has gathered celebrated anthologies, deep-dives into climate-related science and solutions, inspiring books from or about spiritual leaders, and visionary works of climate fiction. All are just recently published, some within the past four weeks. There's little chance they will already be sitting on friends' or family member's bookshelves.
Good books can keep us company while we work, together, to bring the coronavirus under control. And they can inspire us to renewed action on climate change when we can meet again in public.
As always with this feature, the descriptions are adapted from copy provided by the publishers.
1. The Fragile Earth: Writing from The New Yorker on Climate Change, edited by David Remnick and Henry Finder (Harper Collins 2020, 560 pages, $29.99)
The Fragile Earth tells the story of climate change ā its past, present, and future ā taking readers from Greenland to the Great Plains, and into both laboratories and rain forests. It features some of the best writing on global warming from the last three decades, including Bill McKibben's seminal essay "The End of Nature," the first piece to popularize both the science and politics of climate change for a general audience, and the Pulitzer Prize ā winning work of Elizabeth Kolbert, as well as Kathryn Schulz, Dexter Filkins, Jonathan Franzen, Ian Frazier, Eric Klinenberg, and others. The result, in its range, depth, and passion, promises to bring light, and sometimes heat, to the great emergency of our age.
2. Tales of Two Planets: Stories of Climate Change and Inequality in a Divided World, edited by John Freeman (Penguin Random House 2020, 320 pages, $18.00 paperback)
In the past five years, John Freeman, previously editor of Granta, has launched a celebrated international literary magazine, Freeman's, and compiled two acclaimed anthologies that deal with income inequality. In the course of this work, one major theme came up repeatedly: Climate change is making already dire inequalities much worse. In this new book, Freeman engages some of today's most eloquent storytellers ā including Margaret Atwood, Lauren Groff, Edwidge Danticat, Tahmima Anam, Yasmine El Rashidi, Eka Kurniawan, Chinelo Okparanta, and Anuradha Roy ā many of whom hail from places under acute stress. His is a literary all-points bulletin of fiction, essays, poems, and reportage about the most important crisis of our times.
3. All We Can Save: Truth, Courage and Solutions for the Climate Crisis, edited by Ayana Elizabeth Johnson and Katharine K. Wilkinson (Penguin Random House 2020, 448 pages, $29.00)
There is a renaissance blooming in the climate movement: leadership that is more characteristically feminine and more faithfully feminist, rooted in compassion, connection, creativity, and collaboration. All We Can Save illuminates the expertise and insights of dozens of diverse women leading on climate in the United States ā scientists, journalists, farmers, lawyers, teachers, activists, and designers, across generations, geographies, and race ā and aims to advance a more representative and solution-oriented public conversation on the climate crisis. Curated by two climate leaders and intermixing essays with poetry and art, this book is both a balm and a guide, bolstering our resolve never to give up on one another or our collective future.
4. Future Sea: How to Rescue and Protect the Worldās Oceans, by Deborah Rowan Wright (University of Chicago Press 2020, 200 pages, $22.50)
The world's oceans face multiple threats: the effects of climate change, pollution, overfishing, plastic waste, and more. Such widespread environmental threats call for a simple but significant shift in reasoning to bring about long-overdue, elemental change in the way we use ocean resources. In Future Sea, ocean advocate and marine-policy researcher Deborah Rowan Wright provides the tools for that shift. A passionate, sweeping, and personal account, Future Sea not only argues for systemic change in how we manage what we do in the sea, but also describes steps that anyone, from children to political leaders (or indeed, any reader of the book), can take toward safeguarding the oceans and their extraordinary wildlife.
5. The New Map: Energy, Climate and the Clash of Nations, by Daniel Yergin (Penguin Random House 2020, 512 pages, $38.00)
The world is being shaken by the collision of energy, climate change, and the clashing power of nations in a time of global crisis. The "shale revolution" in oil and gas ā made possible by fracking technology, but not without controversy ā has transformed the American economy, ending the "era of shortage." Yet concern about energy's role in climate change is challenging our economy and way of life, accelerating a second energy revolution in the search for a low carbon future. All of this has been made starker and more urgent by the coronavirus pandemic and the economic dark age that it has wrought. A master storyteller and global energy expert, Daniel Yergin takes the reader on a riveting journey across the world's new map. He poses the great questions of this era of political turbulence and points to the challenges that lie ahead.
6. Solved: How the Worldās Great Cities Are Fixing the Climate Crisis, by David Miller (University of Toronto Press 2020, 208 pages, $29.95)
Taking cues from progressive cities around the world, including Los Angeles, New York, Toronto, Oslo, Shenzhen, and Sydney, David Miller, director of International Diplomacy for the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, summons every city to make small but significant changes that can drastically reduce humanity's carbon footprint. Solved demonstrates that the initiatives cities have already taken to control the climate crisis can make a real difference in reducing global emissions if implemented worldwide. As much a "how to" guide for policymakers as a call to action for concerned citizens, Solved aims to inspire hope through its analysis of what can be done ā now, today ā to pave the way to a 1.5-degree world.
7. Let Us Dream: The Path to a Better Future, by Pope Francis (Simon & Schuster 2020, 160 pages, $26.00)
In the COVID crisis, Pope Francis saw the cruelty and inequity of our society exposed more vividly than ever before. He also saw, in the resilience, generosity, and creativity of so many people, the means to rescue our society, our economy, and our planet. In direct, powerful prose, Pope Francis urges us not to let the pain be in vain. In Let Us Dream, the Pope offers an inspiring and actionable blueprint for building by putting the poor and the planet at the heart of new thinking. For this plan, he draws not only on sacred sources, but on the latest findings from scientists, economists, and activists. Let Us Dream is an epiphany, a call to arms, and a pleasure to read. With this book, and with open hearts, we can change the world.
8. Stand Up! Speak Up! A Story Inspired by the Climate Change Revolution, by Andrew Joyner (Penguin Random House 2020, 40 pages (for 4-to-8-year olds), $17.99)
Celebrate young climate change activists in this charming story about an empowered girl who shows up, listens up, and ultimately, speaks up to inspire her community to take action against climate change. After attending a climate march, a young activist is motivated to make an effort and do her part to help the planet ⦠by organizing volunteers to work to make green changes in their community, from cleaning a lake, to planting trees, to hosting a clothing swap and more! Here is an uplifting picture book that is an important reminder that no change is too small ā and no person is too young ā to make a difference. With simple text and lively illustrations, Andrew Joyner has given young children a timely story about activism, community, and hope.
9. Our Only Home: A Climate Appeal to the World, by The Dalai Lama and Franz Alt (Hanover Square 2020, 176 pages, $19.99)
Saving the climate is our common duty. With each passing day, climate change is causing Pacific islands to disappear into the sea, accelerating the extinction of species at alarming proportions and aggravating a water shortage that has affected the entire world. In this new book, the Dalai Lama, one of the most influential figures of our time, calls on political decision makers to finally fight against deadlock and ignorance on this issue and to stand up for a different, more climate-friendly world and for the younger generation to assert their right to regain their future. From this beloved world religious leader comes an eye-opening manifesto that empowers the generation of today to step up, take action and save our environment.
10. The 2084 Report: An Oral History of the Great Warming: A Novel, by James Lawrence Powell (Simon & Schuster 2020, 240 pages, $27.00)
2084: Global warming has proven worse than even the direst predictions scientists had made at the turn of the century. No country ā and no one ā has remained unscathed. Through interviews with scientists, political leaders, and citizens around the globe, this riveting fictional oral history describes in graphic detail the irreversible effects the Great Warming has had on humankind. In short chapters, The 2084 Report brings global warming to life, revealing a new reality in which Rotterdam doesn't exist, Phoenix has no electricity, and Canada is part of the United States. Characters describe the issues they confront in a world they share with the next two generations. Simultaneously fascinating and frightening, The 2084 Report will inspire you to take action.
11. A Diary in the Age of Water: A Novel, by Nina Munteanu (Inanna 2020, 328 pages, $22.95 paperback)
Centuries from now, in a dying boreal forest of what used to be northern Canada, Kyo, a young acolyte called to service in the Exodus, discovers a diary that may answer her yearning for Earth's past ā to the Age of Water, when the "Water Twins" destroyed humanity in hatred. The diary spans a twenty-year period in the mid-twenty-first century life of 33-year-old Lynna, a single mother who works in CanadaCorp, an international water utility. A Diary in the Age of Water follows the climate-induced journey of Earth and humanity through four generations of women, each with a unique relationship to water. The novel explores our concepts of what is "normal" ā as a nation and an individual ā in a world that is rapidly changing.
12. The Ministry for the Future: A Novel, by Kim Stanley Robinson (Hachette Book Group ā Orbit 2020, 576 pages, $28.00)
From legendary science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson comes a remarkable vision of climate change over the coming decades. The Ministry for the Future is a masterpiece of the imagination, using fictional eyewitness accounts to tell the story of how climate change will affect us all. Its setting is not a desolate, post-apocalyptic world, but a future that is almost upon us ā and in which we might just overcome the extraordinary challenges we face. It is a novel both immediate and impactful, desperate and hopeful in equal measure, and it is one of the most powerful and original books on climate change ever written. (Editor's note: Readers can find YCC's review of this book here and an interview with the author here.)
Reposted with permission from Yale Climate Connections.
- 10 Best Books On Climate Change, According to Activists - EcoWatch ›
- 13 Must-Read Climate Change Reports for 2020 - EcoWatch ›
- 12 Books Surrounding Election Add Perspective to Climate Crisis ... ›
- 26 Childrenās Books to Nourish Growing Minds - EcoWatch ›
- 11 Top Books on the Environment and Conservation Published in 2020 - EcoWatch ›
Tofurky Hit Grocery Store Shelves 25 Years Ago, It's Had a Lasting Influence
JasonOndreicka / iStock / Getty Images
Twenty-five years ago, a food called Tofurky made its debut on grocery store shelves. Since then, the tofu-based roast has become a beloved part of many vegetarians' holiday feasts.
"Tofurky and Thanksgiving are forever intimately tied in my heart," said Jan Dutkiewicz, a visiting fellow at Harvard Law School's animal law and policy program.
He said Tofurky was different from most vegetarian fare because it could actually stand in for a turkey roast.
"It allowed me to be at a Thanksgiving meal having a sort of centerpiece of my own and not just eating stuffing and nibbling on veggies and whatnot," he said.
Today, there are many more meat alternatives on the market. Some brands such as Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat work hard to appeal not only to vegetarians, but meat lovers too.
"The strategy has been to offer a product that's as close as possible in taste, texture, and price to the products that meat consumers are already eating," Dutkiewicz said.
Producing plant-based proteins generates much less carbon pollution than animal agriculture. So Dutkiewicz said making plant-based foods that appeal ā even to meat eaters ā can help reduce global warming on Thanksgiving or any day of the year.
Reposted with permission from Yale Climate Connections.
10 Organizations Honoring Native Peoplesā History and Future on Thanksgiving
By Ashia Aubourg
As Thanksgiving approaches, some Indigenous organizations and activists caution against perpetuating further injustices towards Native communities. Indigenous activist Mariah Gladstone, for example, encourages eaters to celebrate the harvest time in ways that do not involve stereotypes and pilgrim stories.
Critics of Thanksgiving often point to the familiar narrative of gathering between the Pilgrims and Wampanoag. They say that this story whitewashes the history of settler colonialism and the genocide of Native peoples, contributing to the modern injustices facing Native communities.
Many also argue that through these false narratives and accompanying actions, such as playing dress-up in inaccurate Native attire, the holiday perpetuates the cultural appropriation of Indigenous traditions and embraces stereotypes of Native peoples.
In response, many communities are calling for allies to unlearn the harmful history of Thanksgiving. Others also choose to celebrate the holiday while rejecting the status quo by decolonizing or re-indigenizing Thanksgiving. Re-indigenizing can involve cooking a dish inspired by ancestral diets with pre-contact ingredientsāfoods that Native communities in North America had access to before the arrival of colonizersāor even reconnecting with food's spirituality. Through this process, communities argue that they can take steps to honor indigenous peoples' traditional foodways.
In honor of this work, Food Tank is standing with and highlighting organizations renouncing the traditional story of Thanksgiving and honoring Indigenous communities.
1. Cheyenne River Youth Project, Eagle Butte, South Dakota
The Cheyenne River community faces high rates of food insecurity as a result of decades of inequities. Founded in 1988, the Cheyenne River Youth Project addresses the community's need for more services that support children and their families. In previous years, the organization hosted a free dinner and celebration event called Thanks for Kids, serving 250 community members. The Project grows most of the ingredients for these dinners on their local two-acre, pesticide-free Winyan Toka Win garden.
2. First Nations Development Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Founded in 1980, First Nations Development Institute works to improve economic conditions for Native Americans through direct financial grants, technical assistance, advocacy, and policy. First Nations publishes resources challenging historical myths surrounding Thanksgiving and offers action steps to support Native communities. These action steps include: learning about and supporting food sovereignty and language preservation efforts by investing directly in Native-led initiatives, watching an informational video that challenges misconceptions and stereotypes about Native peoples, and sharing stories about Native resilience.
3. I-Collective, United States
I-Collective strives to create new narratives that emphasize Indigenous communities' resilience and contribution to gastronomy innovations, agriculture, the arts, and society. The group aims to revise Thanksgiving by raising awareness of colonialism's impact on the current fight for food sovereignty. I-Collective urges people to unlearn the history of Thankstaking, offering a collection of resources to support education.
4. Indigikitchen, Northwest Montana
Indigikitchen is an online cooking show that hopes to inspire cooks to re-indigenize their diets. Founder Mariah Gladstone is recognized as a champion of change by the Center for Native American Youth. In past years, the show has hosted cooking classes focused on re-indigenizing Thanksgiving. According to Indigikitchen, re-indigenizing Thanksgiving involves rejecting the myths and stereotypes of Native peoples and cooking pre-contact foods.
5. International Indigenous Youth Council, United States
The International Indigenous Youth Council (IIYC) creates safe spaces for youth through education, spiritual practices, and civic engagement. This year, IIYC is hosting a live discussion in collaboration with White People for Black Lives on Thankstaking, aiming to provide an opportunity for viewers to engage more deeply with the history of Thanksgiving. IIYC believes that discussions such as this build knowledge and awareness and hopes to address the legacies of false history telling.
6. Native Americans in Philanthropy, United States
Native Americans in Philanthropy promotes equitable and effective philanthropy in Native communities, such as COVID-19 emergency food supplies. Edgar Villanueva, Chair of the organization's Board of Directors, critiqued colonialist dynamics in philanthropy through his book Decolonizing Wealth. Villanueva has also spoken out about Thanksgiving, arguing that it is necessary to tell the true story of the holiday's past to avoid repeating the trauma Indigenous peoples have faced.
7. NDN Collective, Rapid City, South Dakota
NDN Collective is an Indigenous-led organization dedicated to building Indigenous power. NDN Collective works to achieve its mission through organizing, activism, philanthropy, grantmaking, capacity-building, and narrative change. In 2018, NDN published a piece emphasizing the need to decolonize Thanksgiving and revive Indigenous relationships to food.
8. Seeding Sovereignty, United States
Seeding Sovereignty is an Indigenous-led collective that radicalizes and disrupts colonized spaces through land, body, food sovereignty work, community building, and cultural preservation. The collective educates their communities about Thanksgiving's history by reclaiming the holiday as Truthsgiving. They also amplify events conducted by Indigenous leaders from across the nation as they celebrate, educate, and honor the First Peoples of these lands for Truthsgiving 2020. Seeding Sovereignty asks that allies support Indigenous folks not only in November but every day of the year.
9. Sioux Chef, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Sioux Chef is committed to revitalizing Native American cuisine by reclaiming an influential culinary culture that is long-buried and often inaccessible. Many Indigenous people refuse to celebrate Thanksgiving in protest. But Sean Sherman, founder of the Sioux Chef, encourages those who participate in the holiday to rethink Thanksgiving by acknowledging the true history, honoring the hardships of Native peoples, and creating a new celebration of the holiday.
10. Toasted Sister Podcast, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Founded in 2017, Toasted Sister Podcast highlights Native chefs and eaters' stories about Indigenous cuisine, where it comes from, where it's headed, and how it connects Native peoples and their communities to traditions. Andi Murphy, the founder of Toasted Sister Podcast, hopes to use the platform to illuminate the false narrative around Thanksgiving and help others reject that story. The Toasted Sister Podcast also offers various Native food culture episodes and provides guides to support the Native community.
Reposted with permission from Food Tank.
- Why Face Masks Belong at Your Thanksgiving Gathering + 7 Things ... ›
- Reasons to Be Thankful ā 8 Food and Farm 'Good News' Stories ... ›
- Why I'm Going to Standing Rock for Thanksgiving - EcoWatch ›
- Biden Urged to 'Honor Indigenous Sovereignty and Immediately Halt' Fossil Fuel Pipelines - EcoWatch ›
Why Face Masks Belong at Your Thanksgiving Gathering + 7 Things You Need To Know About Wearing Them
By Jason Farley
COVID-19 has disrupted our daily lives, and it is poised to completely disrupt the holiday season. As people make holiday plans and think about ways to reduce the risks to their loved ones, a strategy is essential.
Face masks are a crucial part of that strategy, and they're now mandatory in public in an increasing number of states as COVID-19 cases soar.
I am an infectious disease-trained epidemiologist, researcher and nurse practitioner. Here are answers to some key questions about how and when to wear masks, and how to manage their use during the holidays.
Are masks really necessary at family gatherings?
If you're gathering with friends and family who don't live in your home, yes. Just because you're with people you know doesn't mean you're safe from the coronavirus. Infection rates are higher now than they have ever been in the U.S., and small gatherings have been a source of viral spread. All it takes is one infected person who doesn't know they have the coronavirus to infect others.
Remember, people can be contagious two to three days before symptoms show ā that's one thing that makes this virus so hard to stop. And it's why, even if you feel fine, you should wear a mask.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now estimates that when both people are wearing masks, the likelihood of infection is low.
Who am I protecting when I wear a mask?
In a word: everyone. The coronavirus spreads through respiratory droplets that you send out into the air when you talk, sing or even just breathe. The tiniest of these droplets can float on air currents for long periods.
Face masks stop many of those droplets, reducing the amount of virus in the air. That lowers your chances of getting infected, and it also lowers the chances that you'll infect someone else.
Studies of people who had prolonged exposure to others with COVID-19 have demonstrated how masks can reduce the chance of the virus spreading. In general, well-fitted cloth masks made up of multiple layers can stop most large droplets and at least half of the tiny ones. Plastic face shields alone are far less effective. Face masks with valves or vents might be good for construction work, but they don't stop the wearer from breathing out virus into the air.
Can I reuse a mask and when should I replace it?
Reusable masks should be kept clean and dry. We're moving into cold and flu season, and noses get drippy. A rule of thumb: Anytime a mask is wet to the point that you can discern the wetness, it's time for a new one if it's disposable, or it's time to clean your reusable mask.
Wetness allows viruses to more easily move through paper or fabric because it allows the threads to move and may reduce the electrostatic charge in the masks that add extra protection with some fabrics.
In general, you can use a mask that stays clean and dry for about a week before you need to wash or discard it.
How should I clean a cloth mask?
Washing your mask is like washing your clothes. You know when it is time.
In general, cleaning your mask weekly should be sufficient. If odors develop before then, it's a good idea to wash it sooner. Odor generally means bacterial buildup.
Cleaning your mask by hand with soap and water is your best option. Using a general detergent on a gentle cycle in the washing machine is also fine, but that may increase the risk of damage, depending on the quality of the material. COVID-19 is not a hardy virus. Any soap or detergent should work fine. There's no need for special chemicals, bleach or harsh soaps.
Be careful to remove any inserts before washing. Inserted filters are generally not washable.
Air drying masks works best. Remember, masks should be completely dry before use. So be sure to have a replacement mask handy while the one you just washed dries.
Sunlight is always a great source of heat to dry your mask. Also, sunlight has ultraviolet radiation, which has been shown to eliminate coronavirus and is also known to have antibacterial properties.
Can I wear the mask below my nose?
Wearing your mask below your nose is, frankly, ridiculous.
Think about it. If you are breathing through your nose and only covering your mouth, you are effectively eliminating the point of the mask. Properly wearing a mask requires covering both your nose and mouth at all times.
Studies show that wearing a proper cloth mask or surgical mask while exercising doesn't affect the flow of oxygen or carbon dioxide in any detectable way. So, unless you have serious heart and lung problems, that isn't an excuse.
How do I safely remove my mask if Iām going to eat or drink?
When you take your mask off, remove it carefully by the straps without touching anything else and put it somewhere safe, like wrapped in paper in a purse, bag or pocket. Then wash your hands or use hand sanitizer. When you put it back on, wash your hands again.
So, how can I have a safe holiday gathering?
The safest way to celebrate this year is to do so with members only within your household. The CDC is now stressing that point, as well. If you do celebrate with friends and relatives from outside your household, you need an action plan to reduce the risk of exposure.
Here are five recommendations:
- Limit the number of people ā fewer people means fewer opportunities for exposure, and you'll have more room to spread out.
- Require masks when not eating or drinking.
- Use physical distancing when eating. Try to seat people at least 6 feet apart. Eat outside if you can.
- Consider being tested for COVID-19 before traveling or gathering. It's not a guarantee, but it can help flag illnesses. Remember to self-isolate between the test and the event.
- Be prepared to self-isolate for 14 days after traveling or participating in any event that involves people from outside your home.
[Research into coronavirus and other news from science Subscribe to The Conversation's new science newsletter.]
The map has been updated with New Hampshire announcing a mask mandate effective Nov. 20.
Jason Farley is a professor, infectious disease-trained epidemiologist and nurse practitioner at the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing.
Disclosure statement: Jason Farley, PhD, MPH, ANP-BC, FAAN receives funding from the National Institutes of Health on the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics for COVID-19 and Becton Dickinson for studies on SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics.
Reposted with permission from The Conversation.
- Does laundry need to be treated differently and disinfected ... ›
- Reusable Cups, Bags and Containers Can Be Safe During COVID ... ›
- How to Host a Safe Holiday Meal During Coronavirus ā an ... ›
- 10 Organizations Honoring Native People on Thanksgiving ›
By Bill Sullivan
Black licorice may look and taste like an innocent treat, but this candy has a dark side. On Sept. 23, 2020, it was reported that black licorice was the culprit in the death of a 54-year-old man in Massachusetts. How could this be? Overdosing on licorice sounds more like a twisted tale than a plausible fact.
I have a longstanding interest in how chemicals in our food and the environment affect our body and mind. When something seemingly harmless like licorice is implicated in a death, we are reminded of the famous proclamation by Swiss physician Paracelsus, the Father of Toxicology: "All things are poison, and nothing is without poison; the dosage alone makes it so a thing is not a poison."
I am a professor in the department of pharmacology and toxicology and author of the book "Pleased to Meet Me: Genes, Germs, and the Curious Forces That Make Us Who We Are."
The Root of the Problem
The unfortunate man who recently succumbed to excessive black licorice consumption is not alone. There are a smattering of similar case reports in medical journals, in which patients experience hypertension crisis, muscle breakdown or even death. Adverse reactions are most frequently seen in people over the age of 40 who are eating far more black licorice than the average person. In addition, they are usually consuming the product for prolonged periods of time. In the most recent case, the Massachusetts man had been eating a bag and a half of black licorice every day for three weeks.
Licorice is a flowering plant native to parts of Europe and Asia. Its scientific name, Glycyrrhiza, is derived from the Greek words "glykos" (sweet) and "rhiza" (root). The aromatic and sweet extract from its root has long been used as an herbal remedy for a wide variety of health maladies, from heartburn and stomach issues to sore throats and cough. However, there is insufficient evidence to support that licorice is effective in treating any medical condition.
Glycyrrhizin (also called glycyrrhizic acid) is the chemical in black licorice that gives the candy its signature flavor, but it also leads to its toxic effects.
Glycyrrhizin mimics the hormone aldosterone, which is made by the adrenal glands when the body needs to retain sodium and excrete potassium. Sodium and potassium work together as a kind of cellular battery that drives communication between nerves and the contraction of muscles. Too much glycyrrhizin upsets the balance of these electrolytes, which can raise blood pressure and disturb the heart's rhythm. Other symptoms of excessive licorice intake include swelling, muscle pain, numbness and headache. Examination of the man who died from consuming too much licorice revealed that he had dangerously low levels of potassium, consistent with glycyrrhizin toxicity.
It should be noted that a number of licorice-based foods do not contain real licorice, but use a flavoring substitute called anise oil, which does not pose the dangers discussed here. In addition, despite its name, red licorice rarely contains licorice extract. Instead, red licorice is infused with chemicals that impart its cherry or strawberry flavor.
Products that contain real licorice are usually labeled as such, and list licorice extract or glycyrrhizic acid among the ingredients. Be advised that some products, such as black jelly beans or Good & Plenty, are mixtures of different candies that contain both anise oil and licorice extract.
Hidden Dangers That Increase Risk
Glycyrrhizin has the distinct licorice flavor and is 50 times sweeter than sugar and has been used in other types of candy, soft drinks, tea, Belgian beers, throat lozenges and tobacco. This can make it challenging to keep track of how much glycyrrhizin has been consumed, and a combination of these products could trigger adverse effects.
Some people take dietary or health supplements that already contain licorice, which increases the risk of toxic effects from eating black licorice candy. Certain medications such as hydrochlorothiazide are diuretics that cause increased urination, which can lower potassium levels in the body. Glycyrrhizin also lowers potassium levels, further disrupting the balance of electrolytes, which can produce muscle cramps and irregular heart rhythms.
People with certain preexisting conditions are more susceptible to black licorice overdose.
For example, patients who already have low potassium levels (hypokalemia), high blood pressure or heart arrhythmia are likely to have greater sensitivity to the effects of excessive licorice. Those with liver or kidney deficiencies will also retain glycyrrhizin in their bloodstream for longer times, increasing their risk of experiencing its adverse effects.
What to Do?
If you're a fan of black licorice, there is no need to ban it from your pantry. Eaten in small quantities from time to time, licorice poses no significant threat to otherwise healthy adults and children. But it is advisable to monitor your intake.
With Halloween approaching, be sure to remind your kids that candy is a "sometimes food," especially the black licorice. The FDA has issued warnings about the rare but serious effects of too much black licorice, advising that people avoid eating more than two ounces of black licorice a day for two weeks or longer. The agency states that if you have been eating a lot of black licorice and experience an irregular heart rhythm or muscle weakness, stop eating it immediately and contact your health care provider.
Some scientists have further cautioned against the routine use of licorice in the form of a dietary supplement or tea for its alleged health benefits. A review article from 2012 warned that "the daily consumption of licorice is never justified because its benefits are minor compared to the adverse outcomes of chronic consumption."
Bill Sullivan is a Professor of Pharmacology & Toxicology; author of Pleased to Meet Me: Genes, Germs, and the Curious Forces That Make Us Who We Are, Indiana University.
Disclosure statement: Bill Sullivan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
Reposted with permission from The Conversation.
- 10 Foods to Avoid if You're on a Low FODMAP Diet - EcoWatch ›
- 12 Powerful Ayurvedic Herbs and Spices with Health Benefits ... ›