Fossil Fuels Yield to Solar and Data in Upstate New York
Members of Fossil Free Tompkins march at a parade in Ithaca. Fossil Free Tompkins
By Molly Taft
Lisa Marshall isn't your typical activist. For one thing, she's not into crowds. "I don't really like rallies," Marshall, a mom of three from upstate New York, said. "They're a little stressful — not my favorite thing."
Marshall, who has two degrees in earth science, remembers being concerned about fossil fuels when New York activists began to push Governor Cuomo to ban fracking in the early 2010s. But she didn't know the best way to become involved. "At that time, one of the main strategies, which was very effective in New York, was to just show up wherever [Cuomo] was and make sure he had no peace from the activist community until he banned fracking," she said. "It just was very overwhelming."
Then, at one of her first organizing events for the activist group Mothers Out Front, Marshall realized that organizing wasn't just about making noise. "They handed out a form, with what we might be interested in doing [to help]," she said. "The form said, 'Are you interested in research?' I don't want to go to a rally, but research? Sign me up."
The Cayuga power plant
Source: Philip Cohen
The Finger Lakes area of New York, where Marshall lives, has been a key hotspot for the state's anti-fracking movement for years. Local activists were part of an important coalition to convince Cuomo to ban fracking in 2014. Now, as New York state signs its own Green New Deal and sets one of the most aggressive emissions reductions targets in the world, newer local activists are joining with the older guard and further turning the tide on fossil fuels.
Most notably, in Tompkins County, a coalition including Mothers Out Front recently scored a big clean-power win. In May, owners of the coal-fired Cayuga Power Plant, nestled on the shores of Cayuga Lake just north of Ithaca, announced that instead of switching to gas-fired power, the plant will become a data center partially powered by an on-site solar field. The rest of the electricity will come from other power sources. The power plant's owners have asked for an all-renewable allocation from regulators but that decision hasn't been announced yet. At the very least, the shift marks a transition for the location from dirty power producer to clean(er) power user.
Just three years ago, the plant was at a crossroads. The longtime owner of the plant had filed for bankruptcy in 2011, as low natural gas prices began to push up the cost of coal. The state decided to help the plant hobble along on subsidies, which cost taxpayers $4 million per month. And as coal's fate began to decline, the taxable value of the power plant also took a turn for the worse, losing $100 million in value between 2009 and 2014.
In 2016, the plant faced even more hurdles. In February of that year, state regulators denied an application from the owners for more subsidies to power the plant with coal and natural gas, deciding to spend the money requested on transmission upgrades that would achieve the same reliability for ratepayers without adding more fossil fuels to the mix.
But the lure of natural gas was too great. Last May, the plant's new owner, Beowulf Energy, filed another application with state regulators to switch the plant to primarily run on natural gas. Beowulf Managing Director Michael Enright told the Lansing Star that the company thought the switch would save jobs and help the town's tax base.
"I called it a really bad summer sequel," said Irene Weiser, a longtime fracking activist in the region. Weiser, coordinator of the group Fossil Free Tompkins, and other activists had been instrumental in pushing for the transmission upgrades in 2016 and against transitioning the plant to natural gas. "We were having to fight this all over again."
This time around, seasoned activists weren't alone. Since the protests at Standing Rock that fixated the country in 2016, more and more communities across the country have become involved in opposing local gas pipelines and power plants.
"I think there's just been a growing consciousness over the years that we needed to get further away from fossils, including gas," Weiser said.
Full house at this @MothersOutFront event on #JustEnergy transition here in Lansing NY. #LansingTakesTheLead #ABetterWorldIsPossible pic.twitter.com/DVeMBcakTc
— Lisa Marshall (@LisaMEarthMama) May 29, 2019
While helping her daughter research famed environmentalist Rachel Carson for a high school project last year, Marshall connected with Sandra Steingraber, a noted environmental activist in the area. After speaking with Marshall's daughter for the project, Steingraber told Marshall about several local oil and gas projects that could use additional organizing for opposition — and Marshall decided to tell her "mom network" about the Cayuga project.
The fresh energy from Mothers Out Front helped galvanize new voices to speak about the project to the Tompkins County Legislature. "[The legislature] even said, 'We're seeing all these people we've never seen at any meeting before,'" Marshall said. "People were getting up, our people that we mobilized, and saying, 'I've never come to the county legislature before. I would rather do almost anything other than stand here, but I'm really concerned about this.'" In November of last year, the legislature sent a letter to Albany officially opposing the Cayuga plant's proposal to transition to gas.
The activists' argument was also helped by changing market forces. Natural gas enjoyed a streak of no-questions-asked years in the early 2010s, as rock-bottom prices and the boom in fracking made gas the No. 1 choice for power suppliers. But the crashing price of renewables and fast technological innovations in storage have made many analysts and utility companies look towards a fossil fuel-free future.
The looming targets of the Paris agreement, which seeks to limit global temperature increases to no more than 1.5 degrees C, set additional constraints on natural gas. That's because while natural gas emits less carbon than coal, climate and energy experts note that methane emissions from fracking and burning natural gas make it much harder to meet the targets in the short-term. Locking in more natural gas infrastructure, activists say, delays the adoption of renewable energy and would impede the international targets — as well as New York state's new emissions goals.
Ed LaVigne was elected as Lansing town supervisor in 2012, and says his priority is helping the town maintain its tax revenues and its jobs — which means helping businesses like Beowulf stay in Lansing. "As I tell [the company], I say, 'We're the barnacle,'" he said. "'You're the whale. You're going to take us places we can't go by ourselves.'"
Thankful to Lansing town supervisor Ed LaVigne for hosting us at the Lansing town hall. @MothersOutFront #LansingTakesTheLead pic.twitter.com/Jrck57hy0E
— Lisa Marshall (@LisaMEarthMama) May 29, 2019
But for LaVigne, the company's decision to look to future technologies makes sense. "When I went to pharmacy school in the late '70s, it cost you $100 and a nine-volt battery to have a calculator that adds, subtracts, multiplies and divides," he said. "You now can get them to run off of indoor light and they're free when you open up a checking account. That's how these dynamics have changed. So let's just put the adult pants on and fast forward to see how we can develop these systems."
Regardless of the temporary victory for anti-fracking activists, challenges remain for the project. Data centers are notorious energy sucks: the one planned on the Cayuga site cannot get all of its energy from the solar panels it will install, and it has asked New York regulators for a substantial allocation of clean energy to power the facility. If Beowulf does not get this energy allocation, it will switch back to its plan of powering the plant with gas. And locals are concerned about whether the data center will retrain current plant workers to help them keep their jobs.
"I don't count my chickens before they're hatched," Weiser, the anti-fracking activist, said of the plan. She pointed out that the data center's energy allocation ask is larger than any other facility in the state. "That said, it's an interesting new development."
Marshall is cautiously optimistic — but also heartened — about the power of organizing to transform local politics. "If you mobilize, if you organize and build power and then mobilize that power strategically, that's how all of the important things usually happen."
How We Banned #Fracking in New York http://t.co/SLTLDxc2pK @Frack_Off @NYAgainstFRACK @FrackAction
— EcoWatch (@EcoWatch) January 23, 2015
Reposted with permission from our media associate Nexus Media.
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Food Tank
By Danielle Nierenberg and Alonso Diaz
With record high unemployment, a reeling global economy, and concerns of food shortages, the world as we know it is changing. But even as these shifts expose inequities in the health and food systems, many experts hope that the current moment offers an opportunity to build a new and more sustainable food system.
<p>To understand what it will take to move forward, Food Tank has compiled its summer reading list to delve into the issues that affect our food system today. These 20 books provide insight into food access and justice in Black communities, food relief and school nutrition programs, the effects of technology on global food supply chains, the relationship between climate change and food production, and much more.</p>
1. Be My Guest: Reflections on Food, Community, and the Meaning of Generosity by Priya Basil (forthcoming November 2020)
<p>Priya Basil explores the meaning of hospitality within a variety of cultural, linguistic, and sociopolitical contexts in this short read. Basil uses her cross-cultural experience to illustrate how food amplifies discourse within families and touches on the hospitality and the lack thereof that migrants and refugees experience. <em>Be My Guest </em>is at once an enjoyable read and a hopeful meditation on how food and hospitality can make a positive difference in our world.</p>2. Biodiversity, Food and Nutrition: A New Agenda for Sustainable Food Systems by Danny Hunter, Teresa Borelli, and Eliot Gee
<p>In <em>Biodiversity, Food and Nutrition</em>, leading professionals from Bioversity International examine the positive impacts of biodiversity on nutrition and sustainability. The book highlights agrobiodiversity initiatives in Brazil, Kenya, Sri Lanka, and Turkey, featuring research from the <a href="https://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/biodiversity-for-food-and-nutrition/" target="_blank">Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Project </a>(BFN) of the <a href="https://www.bioversityinternational.org/alliance/" target="_blank">Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT</a>. Through this analysis, the authors propose that the localized activities in these countries are not only benefiting communities, but are transferable to other regions.</p>3. Black Food Geographies: Race, Self-Reliance, and Food Access in Washington, D.C. by Ashanté M. Reese
<p>In <em>Black Food Geographies, </em>Ashanté Reese draws on her fieldwork to highlight community agency in response to unequal food access. Focusing on a majority-Black neighborhood in Washington, DC, Reese explores issues of racism, gentrification, and urban food access. Through her analysis, she argues that racism impacts and exacerbates issues of unequal food distribution systems.</p>4. Black Food Matters: Racial Justice in the Wake of Food Justice edited by Hanna Garth and Ashanté M. Reese (forthcoming October 2020)
<p>Access, equity, justice, and privilege are the central themes in this forthcoming collection of essays. The food justice movement often ignores the voices of Black communities and white food norms shape the notions of healthy food. Named for Black Lives Matter, <em>Black Food Matters </em>highlights the history and impact of Black communities and their food cultures in the food justice movement.</p>5. Diners Dudes & Diets: How Gender and Power Collide in Food Media and Culture by Emily J.H. Contois (forthcoming November 2020)
<p>In <em>Diners, Dudes & Diets</em>, Emily Contois looks at media's influence on eating habits and gendered perceptions of food. Focusing on the concept of dude foods, the book follows the evolution of food marketing for men. In doing so, Contois shows how industries used masculine stereotypes to sell diet and weight loss products to a new demographic. She argues that this has influenced both the way consumers think about food and their own identities.</p>6. Feeding the Crisis: Care and Abandonment in America’s Food Safety Net by Maggie Dickinson
<p>The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is essential for individuals who face food insecurity on a daily basis. Still, the program fails to reach many, including those who are unemployed, underemployed, or undocumented. <em>Feeding the Crisis</em> provides a historical overview of SNAP's expansion and traces the lives of eight families who must navigate the changing landscape of welfare policy in the United States.</p>7. Feeding the Other: Whiteness, Privilege, and Neoliberal Stigma in Food Pantries by Rebecca T. de Souza
<p>In <em>Feeding the Other</em>, Rebecca de Souza explores the relationship between food pantries and people dependent on their services. Throughout the work, de Souza underscores the structural failures that contribute to hunger and poverty, the racial dynamics within pantries, and the charged idea of a handout. She argues that while food pantries currently stigmatize clients, there is an opportunity to make them agents of food justice.</p>8. Feeding the People: The Politics of the Potato by Rebecca Earle
<p>In <em>Feeding the People,</em> Rebecca Earle tells the story of the potato and its journey from a relatively unknown crop to a staple in modern diets around the world. Earle's work highlights the importance of the potato during famines, war, and explains the politics behind consumers' embrace of this food. Interspersed throughout are also potato recipes that any reader can try.</p>9. Food in Cuba: The Pursuit of a Decent Meal by Hanna Garth
<p>In <em>Food in Cuba</em>, Dr. Hannah Garth looks at food security and food sovereignty in the context of Cuba's second largest city, Santiago de Cuba. Throughout the work, Garth defines a decent meal as one that is culturally appropriate and of high quality. And through stories about families' sociopolitical barriers to food access, Garth shows how ideas of food and moral character become intimately linked.</p>10. Franchise: The Golden Arches in Black America by Marcia Chatelain
<p>Scholar, speaker, and strategist Marcia Chatelain provides readers insight into the ways fast food restaurants expanded throughout Black communities. Dr. Chatelain traces their growth during the 20th century and their intersection with Black capitalists and the civil rights movement. This book highlights the dichotomy between fast food's negative impacts on Black communities and the potential economic and political opportunities that the businesses offered them.</p>11. Honey And Venom: Confessions of an Urban Beekeeper by Andrew Coté
<p>In <em>Honey and Venom,</em> Andrew Coté provides a history of beekeeping while taking the reader through his own trajectory in the industry. A manager of over one hundred beehives, Coté raises colonies across New York City, on the rooftops of churches, schools, and more. Coté's<em> </em>passion for beekeeping comes through clearly as he narrates the challenges and rewards of his career.</p>12. Life on the Other Border: Farmworkers and Food Justice in Vermont by Teresa M. Mares
<p>Agriculture, immigration, and Central American and Mexican farm workers may conjure ideas of the Mexico-U.S. border, but in <em>Life on the Other Border</em>, Teresa Mares gives a voice to those laboring much farther north. Mares introduces the readers to the Latinx immigrants who work in Vermont's dairy industry while they advocate for themselves and navigate life as undocumented workers. This is an inspiring read that touches on the intersection of food justice, immigration, and labor policy.</p>13. Meals Matter: A Radical Economics Through Gastronomy by Michael Symons
<p>In <em>Meals Matter</em>, Michael Symons argues that economics used to be, in its essence, about feeding the world but has since become fixated with the pursuit of money. Symons introduces readers to gastronomic liberalism and applies the ideas of philosophers like Epicurus and John Locke to the food system. Through this approach, he seeks to understand how large corporations gained control of the market and challenges readers to rethink their understanding of food economics.</p>14. No One is Too Small to Make a Difference by Greta Thunberg
<p>Greta Thunberg addressed the United Nations at the 2019 UN Climate Action Summit and has since been a global symbol of environmental activism. Her community organizing and impassioned speeches are uncompromising as she argues that climate change is an existential crisis that needs to be confronted immediately. <em>No One Is Too Small to Make a Difference </em>includes Thunberg's speeches and includes her 2019 address to the United Nations.</p>15. Perilous Bounty: The Looming Collapse of American Farming and How We Can Prevent It by Tom Philpott (forthcoming August 2020)
<p>In <em>Perilous Bounty</em>, journalist Tom Philpott critically analyzes the centralized food system in the U.S. and argues that it is headed for disaster unless it sees some much-needed changes. Philpot argues that actors within the U.S. food system are prioritizing themselves over the nation's wellbeing and provides well-researched data to back up his claims. Providing readers insight into the experiences of activists, farmers, and scientists, this is a great read for those starting to learn about the state of the country's food system and for those who are already deeply involved.</p>16. Plucked: Chicken, Antibiotics, And How Big Business Changed The Way The World Eats by Maryn McKenna
<p>In this exposé on the chicken industry, acclaimed author Maryn McKenna explains the role antibiotics played in making chicken a global commodity. <em>Plucked </em>makes it clear that food choices matter and show how consumers' desire for meat, especially chicken, has impacted human health. McKenna also offers a way forward and outlines ways that stakeholders can make food safer again.</p>17. Stirrings: How Activist New Yorkers Ignited a Movement for Food Justice by Lana Dee Povitz
<p>Between 1970 and 2000, food activists in New York City pushed to improve public school lunches, provide meals to those impacted by the AIDS epidemic, and established food co-ops. In <em>Stirrings</em>,<em> </em>Lana Dee Povitz draws on oral histories and archives to recount the stories of individuals who led these efforts. She highlights the successes of grassroots movements and reminds readers of the many women leaders in the New York food justice movement.</p>18. The New American Farmer: Immigration, Race, and the Struggle for Sustainability by Laura-Anne Minkoff-Zern
<p>In <em>The New American Farmer</em>, Laura-Anne Minkoff-Zern offers a look at farm labor in the U.S. Although most farm owners are white Americans, farm workers are overwhelmingly immigrants and people of color. In this book, Minkoff-Zern details the experiences of farm laborers who are becoming farm owners themselves and outlines the many barriers that workers must overcome during this transition. Through interviews with farmers and organizers, Minkoff-Zern shows that these farmers bring sustainable agricultural practices that can benefit our food system.</p>19. The Story of More: How We Got to Climate Change and Where to Go from Here by Hope Jahren
<p>Hope Jahren breaks down climate change for readers in an accessible and data-driven book. <em>The Story of More </em>explains<em> </em>how greenhouse gas emissions and consumption of natural resources in developed nations exacerbate climate change and outlines the consequences of these actions. Although she argues that the planet is in danger, she also provides a variety of everyday actions, like decreasing meat consumption, that consumers can take to make a difference.</p>20. Vegetable Kingdom: The Abundant World of Vegan Recipes by Bryant Terry
<p>Author, chef, and food justice activist Bryant Terry provides readers with over a hundred recipes to create approachable and flavorful vegan dishes, without relying on meat alternatives. This book is a wonderfully practical recipe book that begins with a list of recommended tools, is organized by ingredients, and even includes a music playlist. Vegans and non-vegans alike will appreciate Chef Terry's <em>Vegetable Kingdom</em>.</p><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Make+this+summer+a+season+of+reflection+and+self-education+with+Food+Tank%27s+reading+list+%E2%80%94+new+and+important+books+from+%40AMReese07%2C+%40GretaThunberg%2C+%40EmilyContois%2C+%40BryantTerry%2C+%40DrMChatelain%2C+and+more&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffoodtank.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F07%2Ffood-tanks-summer-2020-reading-list%2F&via=foodtank"><span></span></a>
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Pexels
By Brian J. Love and Julie Rieland
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the U.S. recycling industry. Waste sources, quantities and destinations are all in flux, and shutdowns have devastated an industry that was already struggling.
<p>
Many items designated as <a href="https://www.wastedive.com/news/byo-coffe-cup-reusables-coronavirus-covid-19-/574817/" target="_blank">reusable</a>, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/24/business/buffets-salad-bars-coronavirus-reopen-trnd/index.html" target="_blank">communal</a> or <a href="https://abc7news.com/thrift-stores-open-during-covid-goodwill-closing-bankruptcy-is/6202537/" target="_blank">secondhand</a> have been temporarily barred to minimize person-to-person exposure. This is producing higher volumes of waste.
</p>
<p>
<em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/brian-j-love-775898" target="_blank">Brian J. Love</a> is a Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan. <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/julie-rieland-1109120" target="_blank">Julie Rieland</a> is a PhD Candidate in Macromolecular Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan. </em><br/>
</p><p>
<em>The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.</em>
</p><p>
<em><span></span>Reposted with permission from <a href="https://theconversation.com/covid-19-is-laying-waste-to-many-us-recycling-programs-139733" target="_blank">The Conversation</a></em><em>.</em>
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<p>Grocers, whether by <a href="https://www.mma.org/state-local-governments-reassess-plastic-bans-during-covid-outbreak/" target="_blank">state decree</a> or on their own, have brought back single-use plastic bags. Even IKEA has <a href="https://www.ikea.com/gb/en/campaigns/coronavirus-covid-19-information-page-pubc8d251f00" target="_blank">suspended use</a> of its signature yellow reusable in-store bags. Plastic industry lobbyists have also pushed to <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/04/08/plastic-bag-bans-reversed-coronavirus-reusable-bags-covid-19/2967950001/" target="_blank">eliminate plastic bag bans altogether</a>, claiming that reusable bags pose a public health risk.</p><p>As researchers interested in <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=akEkREoAAAAJ&hl=en" target="_blank">industrial ecology</a> and new schemes for <a href="https://macro.engin.umich.edu/profile/julie-rieland/" target="_blank">polymer recycling</a>, we are concerned about challenges facing the recycling sector and growing distrust of communal and secondhand goods. The trends we see in the making and consuming of single-use goods, particularly plastic, could have lasting negative effects on the <a href="https://reports.weforum.org/toward-the-circular-economy-accelerating-the-scale-up-across-global-supply-chains/from-linear-to-circular-accelerating-a-proven-concept/" target="_blank">circular economy</a>.</p>
<img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNTgzOC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTU5NTcwMDM0MX0.e31QjdaA6MrRprOP-JmVVxSjoXo4vO0hzvzU92ZZRH8/img.jpg?width=980" id="46e86" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="7f439ba6d8bae35a3b4fdd46660b1cb8" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
Goodwill's Canton, Mich. site looks overwhelmed on June 16, with an oversupply of donations and little immediate chance for resale. Brian Love / CC BY-ND
Recyclers Under Pressure
<p>Since March 2020, when most shelter-in-place orders began, sanitation workers have noted massive increases in municipal garbage and recyclables. For example, in cities like Chicago, workers have seen up to <a href="https://chicago.suntimes.com/coronavirus/2020/4/7/21212543/coronavirus-chicago-garbage-pickup-streets-sanitation-masks" target="_blank">50% more waste</a>.</p><p>According to the <a href="https://swana.org/" target="_blank">Solid Waste Association of North America</a>, U.S. cities saw a <a href="https://swana.org/news/swana-news/article/2020/06/17/swana-submits-statement-on-recycling-challenges-for-u.s.-senate-hearing" target="_blank">20% average increase</a> in municipal solid waste and recycling collection from March into April 2020. Increased trash can be attributed partly to spring cleaning, but most of it is due to people spending greater time at home. Restaurants struggling to survive under COVID-19 restrictions are contributing to the rise in plastic and paper waste with <a href="https://theconversation.com/using-lots-of-plastic-packaging-during-the-coronavirus-crisis-youre-not-alone-135553" target="_blank">takeout packaging</a>.</p><p>Although higher volumes of recyclables are being set on the curb, budget deficits are squeezing recycling programs. Many municipalities are struggling with <a href="https://www.ketv.com/article/omaha-mayor-health-officials-to-provide-covid-19-update-friday-afternoon/32498068#" target="_blank">multimillion-dollar shortfalls</a>. Some communities, such as Rock Springs, Wyoming, and East Peoria, Illinois, <a href="https://resource-recycling.com/recycling/2020/05/27/budget-shortfalls-threaten-local-recycling-programs/" target="_blank">have cut recycling programs</a>.</p><p>And these stresses are testing a business already faced uncertainty.</p><img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNTgzOS9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTY1NjU0ODEyMn0.4wsxAiiR8yd3FR88jAVs29bLSHtSYBJ5Ym9YQzd28bk/img.jpg?width=980" id="7b842" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="15566c7fafa583508c3201a23035a2de" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
While bottle deposit stations remain closed, recyclables pile up in basements and garages. David Rieland / CC BY-ND
Turmoil in Scrap Markets
<p>The global recycling economy has suffered since 2018 as first China and then other Asian nations <a href="https://theconversation.com/as-more-developing-countries-reject-plastic-waste-exports-wealthy-nations-seek-solutions-at-home-117163" target="_blank">banned imports of low-quality scrap</a> — often meaning improperly cleaned food packaging and poorly sorted recyclable materials. As in any business, the value of raw recyclables is linked to supply and demand. Without demand from nations like China, which formerly took up to 700,000 tons of U.S. scrap annually, recyclers have scrambled to stay in business.</p><p>The pandemic has boosted prices for some materials. One industry leader told us that between February and May 2020, prices doubled for recycled paper and tripled for recycled cardboard. These shifts reflect higher demand for tissue products and shipping packaging under shelter-in-place orders.</p><p>However, he also reported that prices for the most-recycled categories of reclaimed plastics — PET (#1) and PE (#2 and #4) – were at 10-year lows. An influx of cheap oil has driven the raw material cost of oil-derived virgin plastics to their lowest levels in decades, <a href="https://millerrecycling.com/oil-prices-recycling#:%7E:text=Higher%20oil%20prices%20can%20also,robust%20market%20for%20recycled%20plastic." target="_blank">outcompeting recycled feedstocks</a>.</p>Difficult Economics
<p>Ideally, revenues from recycling offset municipalities' costs for collecting and disposing of solid wastes. However, given worker safety concerns, low market prices for scrap materials, a slowed economy and cheaper alternatives for disposal, many communities and businesses across the U.S. have <a href="https://www.wastedive.com/news/recycling-mrfs-prison-labor-suspensions-coronavirus-covid-19/574301/" target="_blank">temporarily suspended</a> collection of recyclables and bottle deposits.</p><p>Meanwhile, as the commercial sector slowed, the distribution of waste generation changed. As people have spent more time producing waste at home, waste collectors implemented <a href="https://www.wastedive.com/news/coronavirus-covid-waste-recycling-safety-collection-mrf/574359/" target="_blank">new procedures</a> to protect their employees from infection.</p><p>Recycling is a very hands-on process that requires workers to manually sort out items from the collection stream that are unsuitable for mechanical processing. Workers and waste collection companies have <a href="https://www.wastedive.com/news/coronavirus-covid-waste-recycling-safety-collection-mrf/574359/" target="_blank">raised many safety questions</a> about recycling during the pandemic.</p><p>Precautions like social distancing and use of personal protective equipment have become commonplace among waste collectors and sorters, though concerns remain. Sorters are increasingly relying on automation, but implementation can be costly and takes time.</p>Collections on Pause
<p>Based on monitoring since 2017 by the trade publication <a href="https://www.wastedive.com/news/curbside-recycling-cancellation-tracker/569250/" target="_blank">Waste Dive</a>, nearly 90 curbside recycling programs had experienced or continue to experience a prolonged suspension over the past several years. About 30 of these suspensions have occurred since January 2020.</p><img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNTg0MC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYzNjYzNDU3OX0.AjjbSgSf-9eZWy7Ub6yv1QoEuN7qPxlfFC-l7jqPV34/img.jpg?width=980" id="5bd4d" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="7265c9984a8f5334db804bdc71500ef9" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
Like many bottle deposit programs, Kroger's Ann Arbor, Mich. drop-off center shut down on March 23. Michigan bottle deposits across the state resumed on June 15, 2020 with new safety protocols. Brian Love / CC BY-ND
<p>On a broader scale, it's not clear how much more waste Americans are currently producing during shutdowns. Commercial and residential waste aren't directly comparable. For example, a granola bar wrapper thrown away at the office is tallied differently than if discarded at home.</p><p>It is also challenging to quantify the effects of the pandemic while it is still unfolding. Historically, waste output from the commercial and industrial sectors has far outweighed the municipal stream. With many offices and business closed or operating at low levels, total U.S. waste production could actually be at a record low during this time. However, data on commercial and industrial wastes are not readily available.</p><p>At the California-based <a href="https://resource-recycling.com/recycling/2020/04/28/city-data-shows-covid-19-impacts-on-recycling-tonnages/" target="_blank">Peninsula Sanitary Service</a>, which serves the Stanford University community, total tonnage was down 60% in March. The company attributes this drop to reduced commercial waste, particularly from construction. Similarly, the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, noted a <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/metro-vancouver-garbage-decrease-covdi-19-1.5544942" target="_blank">10% decrease</a> year over year of waste collection levels for April.</p><img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNTg0MS9vcmlnaW4ucG5nIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTY0MDY1MjQ4NX0.-R4MY1EZXhJ-2KFb5H0H0nDOIyBaae0yHh_Q-QZkY5E/img.png?width=980" id="6e0bd" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="a3f96216a5009cd49e402dd0d45d7312" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
Expected sectors of plastic waste increase due to COVID-19, based on 2018 plastic usage distribution data from PlasticsEurope and Klemes et al., 2020. Brian Love and Julie Rieland / CC BY-ND
More Plastic Trash
<p>As cities and industries reopen in the coming months, new data will show the pandemic's effects on consumer habits and waste generation. But regardless of total volume, the mix of materials in household wastes has shifted given the new ubiquity of single-use plastic containers, online shopping packaging and disposable gloves, wipes and face masks. Many of these new staples of pandemic life are made from plastics that are simply not worth recycling if there are any other disposal options.</p><p>Today Americans are trying to balance their physical well-being against ever-mounting piles of plastic waste. At a time when reducing and reusing could be dangerous, and recycling economics are unfavorable, we see a need for better options, such as more <a href="https://theconversation.com/bio-based-plastics-can-reduce-waste-but-only-if-we-invest-in-both-making-and-getting-rid-of-them-98282" target="_blank">compostable packaging</a> that is both safer and more sustainable.</p>From Your Site Articles
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Pixabay
Unhealthy foods play a primary role in many people gaining weight and developing chronic health conditions, more now than ever before.
<p>Surprisingly, people consider some of these foods healthy.</p><p>Here are 15 "health foods" that are really junk foods in disguise.</p>
<p><em>Reposted with permission from </em><a href="https://www.healthline.com/" target="_blank"><em>Healthline</em></a><em>. For detailed source information, please view the original article on </em><em><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/15-health-foods-that-are-really-junk-foods" target="_blank">Healthline</a></em><em>.</em></p>
1. Processed ‘Low-Fat’ and ‘Fat-Free’ Foods
<p>The "war" on <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/saturated-fat-good-or-bad/" target="_blank">saturated fat</a> could be considered one of the most misguided decisions in the history of nutrition.</p><p>It was based on weak evidence, which has now been completely <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/it-aint-the-fat-people/" target="_blank">debunked</a>.</p><p>When this discussion started, processed food manufacturers jumped on the bandwagon and started removing the fat from foods.</p><p>But there's a huge problem. Food doesn't taste well when the fat has been removed. That's why they added a lot of sugar to compensate.</p><p>Saturated fat is harmless, but added sugar is incredibly harmful when consumed in excess.</p><p>The words "low fat" or "fat free" on packaging usually means that it's a highly processed product that's loaded with sugar.</p>2. Most Commercial Salad Dressings
<p>Vegetables are incredibly healthy.</p><p>The problem is that they often don't taste very good on their own.</p><p>That's why many people use dressings to add flavor to their salads, turning these bland meals into delicious treats.</p><p>But many salad dressings are actually loaded with unhealthy ingredients like sugar, vegetable oils, and <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/why-trans-fats-are-bad/" target="_blank">trans fats</a>, along with various artificial chemicals.</p><p>Although vegetables are good for you, eating them with a dressing high in harmful ingredients negates any health benefit you get from the salad.</p><p>Check the ingredients list before you use a salad dressing or make your own using healthy ingredients.</p>3. Fruit Juices … Which Are Basically Just Liquid Sugar
<p>A lot of people believe <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/fruit-juice-is-just-as-bad-as-soda/" target="_blank">fruit juices</a> are healthy.</p><p>They must be because they come from fruit, right?</p><p>But most fruit juice you find in the grocery store isn't really fruit juice.</p><p>Sometimes they don't have any actual fruit in them, just chemicals that taste like fruit. What you're drinking is basically fruit-flavored sugar water.</p><p>That being said, even if you're drinking 100% quality fruit juice, it's still not the best choice.</p><p>Fruit juice is like fruit, except with all the good stuff (like the <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/why-is-fiber-good-for-you/" target="_blank">fiber</a>) taken out. The main thing left of the actual <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/is-fruit-good-or-bad-for-your-health/" target="_blank">fruit</a> is the sugar.</p><p>Fruit juice actually contains a similar amount of sugar as a sugar-sweetened beverage.</p>4. ‘Heart-Healthy’ Whole Wheat
<p>Most "whole wheat" products aren't really made from whole wheat.</p><p>The grains have been pulverized into very fine flour, which causes them to raise blood sugar just as fast as their refined counterparts.</p><p>In fact, whole wheat bread can have a similar glycemic index as white bread.</p><p>But even true whole wheat may be a bad idea because modern wheat is unhealthy compared to the wheat our grandparents ate.</p><p>Around 1960, scientists modified the genes in wheat to increase the yield. <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/modern-wheat-health-nightmare/" target="_blank">Modern wheat</a> is less nutritious and has some properties that make it much worse for people who have a gluten intolerance.</p><p>There are also studies showing that modern wheat may cause inflammation and increased cholesterol levels, at least when compared to the older varieties.</p><p>Wheat may have been a relatively healthy grain back in the day, but the stuff most people are eating today should be consumed with caution.</p>5. Cholesterol-Lowering Phytosterols
<p>Phytosterols are nutrients that are basically like plant versions of cholesterol.</p><p>Some studies have shown that they can lower blood cholesterol in humans.</p><p>For this reason, they're often added to processed foods that are then marketed as "cholesterol lowering" and claimed to help prevent heart disease.</p><p>However, studies have shown that despite lowering cholesterol levels, phytosterols have negative effects on the cardiovascular system and may even increase the risk of heart disease and death.</p><p>People with phytosterolaemia (a genetic condition that raises plant sterol level in blood) are more susceptible to the negative effects of phytosterols.</p>6. Margarine
<p><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/7-reasons-why-butter-is-good-for-you/" target="_blank">Butter</a> was labeled a bad food choice in the past because of its high saturated fat content.</p><p>Various health experts started promoting margarine instead.</p><p>Back in the day, margarine used to be high in trans fats. These days, it has fewer trans fats than before, but it's still loaded with refined vegetable oils.</p><p>Not surprisingly, the Framingham Heart Study <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/butter-vs-margarine/" target="_blank">showed</a> that people who replace butter with margarine are actually more likely to die from heart disease.</p><p>If you want to improve your health, try to eat real butter (preferably <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/grass-fed-butter-superfood-for-the-heart/" target="_blank">grass fed</a>), and avoid margarine with trans fat. Trans-fat-free margarine has become more available in recent years.</p><p>Always read nutrition facts carefully and limit products that contain trans fat.</p><p>Recommending trans fat-laden margarine instead of natural butter may be considered some of the worst nutrition advice in history.</p>7. Sports Drinks
<p>Sports drinks were designed with athletes in mind.</p><p>They contain electrolytes (salts) and sugar, which can be useful for athletes in many cases.</p><p>However, most people don't need additional salt or liquid sugar in their diet.</p><p>Although often considered "less bad" than sugary soft drinks, there's really no fundamental difference in the two, except the sugar content in sports drinks is sometimes <em>slightly</em> lower.</p><p>It's important to stay hydrated, especially when working out, but most people will be better off sticking to plain <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/how-much-water-should-you-drink-per-day/" target="_blank">water</a>.</p>8. Low-Carb Junk Foods
<p><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/low-carb-diet-meal-plan-and-menu/" target="_blank">Low carb diets</a> have been incredibly popular for many decades.</p><p>In the past 12 years, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/23-studies-on-low-carb-and-low-fat-diets/" target="_blank">studies</a> have confirmed that these diets are an effective way to lose weight and improve health.<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00518.x/abstract" target="_blank"></a></p><p>However, food manufacturers have caught up on the trend and brought various low carb "friendly" processed foods to the market.</p><p>This includes highly processed foods like the <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/are-atkins-low-carb-bars-healthy/" target="_blank">Atkins bars</a>. If you take a look at the ingredients list, you see that there's no real food in them, just chemicals and highly refined ingredients.</p><p>These products can be consumed occasionally without compromising the metabolic adaptation that comes with low carb eating.</p><p>However, they don't really nourish your body. Even though they're technically low carb, they're still unhealthy.</p>9. Agave Nectar
<p>Given the known <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-disturbing-reasons-why-sugar-is-bad/" target="_blank">harmful effects</a> of sugar, people have been looking for alternatives.</p><p>One of the more popular "natural" sweeteners is agave nectar, which is also called agave syrup.</p><p>You'll find this sweetener in all sorts of "healthy foods," often with attractive claims on the packaging.</p><p>The problem with agave is that it's no better than regular sugar. In fact, it's much worse.</p><p>One of the main problems with sugar is that it has excessive amounts of <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/why-is-fructose-bad-for-you/" target="_blank">fructose</a>, which can cause severe metabolic problems when consumed in excess.</p><p>Sugar is about 50% fructose and 55% high fructose corn syrup, but agave contains even more — up to 70-90%.</p><p>Therefore, gram for gram, agave is even worse than regular sugar.</p><p>"Natural" doesn't always equal healthy. Whether agave should even be considered natural is debatable.</p>10. Vegan Junk Foods
<p>Vegan diets are very popular these days, often due to ethical and environmental reasons.</p><p>However, many people promote vegan diets for the purpose of improving health.</p><p>There are many processed vegan foods on the market, often sold as convenient replacements for non-vegan foods.</p><p>Vegan bacon is one example.</p><p>But it's important to keep in mind that these are usually highly processed, factory made products that are bad for almost anyone, including people who are vegan.</p>11. Brown Rice Syrup
<p><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/brown-rice-syrup-good-or-bad/" target="_blank"><br>Brown rice syrup</a>, also known as rice malt syrup, is a sweetener that's mistakenly assumed to be healthy.</p><p>It's made by exposing cooked rice to enzymes that break down the starch into simple sugars.</p><p>Brown rice syrup contains no refined fructose, just glucose.</p><p>The absence of refined fructose is good, but rice syrup has a glycemic index of 98, which means that the glucose in it will spike blood sugar extremely fast.<a href="http://www.glycemicindex.com/foodSearch.php?num=2648&ak=detail" target="_blank"></a></p><p>Rice syrup is also highly refined and contains almost no essential nutrients. In other words, it's considered "empty" calories.</p><p>Some concerns have been raised about arsenic contamination in this syrup, which is another reason to be extra careful with this sweetener.</p><p>There are other sweeteners out there, including low calorie sweeteners like:</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/stevia/" target="_blank">stevia</a></li><li><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/erythritol/" target="_blank">erythritol</a></li><li><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/xylitol-101/" target="_blank">xylitol</a></li></ul><p>In general, try to use all sweeteners wisely and follow recommended serving sizes.</p>12. Processed Organic Foods
<p>Unfortunately, the word "organic" has become a typical marketing buzzword in many instances.</p><p>Food manufacturers have found all sorts of ways to make the same products, except with ingredients that happen to be organic.</p><p>This includes ingredients like organic raw cane sugar, which is basically 100% identical to regular sugar. It's still just glucose and fructose with little to no nutrients.</p><p>In many cases, the difference between an ingredient and its organic counterpart is next to none.</p><p>Processed foods that happen to be labeled organic aren't necessarily healthy. Always check the label to see what's inside.</p>13. Vegetable Oils
<p>We're often advised to eat seed and vegetable oils, which includes soybean oil, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/canola-oil-good-or-bad/" target="_blank">canola oil</a>, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/grape-seed-oil/" target="_blank">grapeseed oil</a>, and numerous others.</p><p>This recommendation is based on the fact that these oils have been shown to lower blood cholesterol levels, at least in the short term.<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23731447/" target="_blank"></a></p><p>However, it's important to keep in mind that blood cholesterol is a <em>risk factor</em>. It's not a disease in itself.</p><p>Even though vegetable oils can help improve a risk factor, there's no guarantee that they'll help prevent actual health outcomes like heart attacks or death, which is what really counts.</p><p>In fact, several controlled trials have shown that despite lowering cholesterol, these oils can increase the risk of developing heart disease and memory impairment.</p><p>It's important to eat healthy, natural fats like butter, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/top-10-evidence-based-health-benefits-of-coconut-oil/" target="_blank">coconut oil</a> and <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/extra-virgin-olive-oil/" target="_blank">olive oil</a> in moderation.</p><p>Also, follow the recommended serving size, but limit processed <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/are-vegetable-and-seed-oils-bad/" target="_blank">vegetable oils</a> as if your health depended on it, which it does.</p>14. Gluten-Free Junk Foods
<p>According to a <a href="http://www.npd.com/wps/portal/npd/us/news/press-releases/percentage-of-us-adults-trying-to-cut-down-or-avoid-gluten-in-their-diets-reaches-new-high-in-2013-reports-npd/" target="_blank">2013 survey</a>, about a third of people in the United States are actively trying to limit or avoid gluten.</p><p>Many experts believe this is unnecessary, but the truth is, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/6-shocking-reasons-why-gluten-is-bad/" target="_blank">gluten</a>, especially from modern wheat, can be problematic for a lot of people.</p><p>Not surprisingly, the food manufacturers have brought <em>all sorts</em> of gluten-free foods to the market.</p><p>The problem with these foods is that they usually have the same negative effects on your body as their gluten-containing counterparts, if not worse.</p><p>These are highly processed foods containing few nutrients and often made with refined starches that can lead to very rapid spikes in blood sugar.</p><p>Try to choose foods that are naturally gluten free, like plants and animals, not gluten-free processed foods.</p><p>Gluten-free junk food is still junk food.</p>15. Most Processed Breakfast Cereals
<p>The way some breakfast cereals are marketed can be deceiving.</p><p>Many of them, including those that are marketed toward children, have various health claims listed on the box.</p><p>This includes claims like "whole grain" or "low fat" that may be misleading.</p><p>This is especially true when you look at the ingredients list and see that these products mostly contain:</p><ul><li>refined grains</li><li>sugar</li><li>artificial chemicals</li></ul><p>It's important to always review product packaging to confirm what you're actually putting in your body and whether it's healthy for you.</p><p>Truly healthy foods are whole, single-ingredient foods. Their health benefits speak for them.</p><p>Real food doesn't even need an ingredients list, because real food is the ingredient.</p>From Your Site Articles
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U.S. Breaks World Record With More Than 55,000 New Coronavirus Cases in a Day
03 July
Health + Wellness
A man pushes his mother in a wheelchair down Ocean Drive in South Beach, Miami on May 19, 2020, amid the novel coronavirus pandemic. CHANDAN KHANNA / AFP via Getty Images
The U.S. reported more than 55,000 new coronavirus cases on Thursday, in a sign that the outbreak is not letting up as the Fourth of July weekend kicks off.
<p>Thursday's tally of 55,274 new cases was both more than the country has reported on any single day so far and more than any other country has reported over 24 hours, according to <a href="https://uk.mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUKKBN2433I3" target="_blank">Reuters figures</a>. The previous record was held by Brazil, which reported 54,771 cases on June 19.</p><p>Thursday's high caseload is not an isolated incident. The U.S. has reported more than 40,000 new cases each day for seven days in a row and has broken records for new cases three days running, according to Reuters data. Thursday was also the second consecutive day that the daily tally topped 50,000, <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/22329c90-8880-34dc-b072-d707c7a69f7e" target="_blank">The Financial Times reported</a>.</p>
<p>"What we've seen is a very disturbing week," National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Director Dr. Anthony Fauci said in a livestream with the American Medical Association, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/07/02/business/bc-eu-virus-outbreak-global-1st-ld-writethru.html" target="_blank">The Associated Press reported Wednesday</a>.</p><p>It also doesn't look like the surge in cases is down to increased testing, as some <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/trump-administration" target="_self">Trump administration</a> officials have suggested in recent weeks.</p><p>"There is no question that the more testing you get the more you will uncover, but we do believe this is a real increase in cases because the percent positivities are going up," Assistant Secretary of Health Admiral Brett Giroir told Congress Thursday, as <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/02/world/coronavirus-us.html?smtyp=cur&smid=fb-nytimes&fbclid=IwAR241Rs0aTup95AERRZVw1cvdeTfGk-ls1V6lxfsUXKc6tpkeOf8gUzrVsQ" target="_blank">The New York Times reported</a>. "So this is real increases in cases."</p>
<p>In fact, Thursday's total represents a more than 85 percent increase in new cases compared to two weeks ago, when states began to reopen following an extended lockdown. Cases have risen in 40 out of 50 states in the past 14 days, according to <a href="https://covidtracking.com/" target="_blank">COVID Tracking Project</a> data reported by The Associated Press, and the number of tests coming back positive has risen in 36 states.</p><p>Eight states set individual records for their highest case tally Thursday, The New York Times reported. They were Alaska, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Montana, South Carolina, Tennessee and Florida, which reported more than 10,000 cases for the first time.</p>
<p>The rise in cases has led states and counties to impose new restrictions.<br></p><p>Miami-Dade County Mayor Carlos Gimenez announced a 10 p.m. curfew starting Friday and continuing indefinitely, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/07/02/coronavirus-live-updates-us/#link-EBF3VSVGIBAIPP3NWT76STPPZ4" target="_blank">The Washington Post</a> reported.</p><p>"Too many people were crowding into restaurants late at night, turning these establishments into breeding grounds for this deadly virus," Gimenez said, as <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-coronavirus-cases-record-50000-in-one-day/" target="_blank">CBS News reported</a>.</p><p>California Gov. Gavin Newsom said he was closing bars, indoor restaurants and movie theaters in most of the state.</p><p>"The bottom line is the spread of this virus continues at a rate that is particularly concerning," Newsom said.</p>
<p>And Texas Gov. Greg Abbott said Thursday that anyone in a county with 20 or more cases would have to wear a mask in public, The Washington Post reported. This is a reversal for Abbott, who had previously prohibited local governments from mandating similar policies, The Associated Press pointed out.</p><p>"We are now at a point where the virus is spreading so fast, there is little margin for error," Abbott said, as The Associated Press reported. "I know that wearing a face covering is not the convenient thing to do, but I also know that wearing a face covering will help us to keep Texas open for business. And it will help Texans earn the paycheck they need."</p><p><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/public-health" target="_self">Public health</a> experts are worried the surge could get even worse following the Fourth of July weekend.</p>"It's set up a perfect storm: the combination of travel, the combination of reopening — perhaps in some cases, too early — and the combination of people not necessarily following some of these preventive guidelines," Boston Medical Center infectious disease physician Dr. Joshua Barocas said during an Infectious Diseases Society of America briefing <a href="https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/07/01/health/us-coronavirus-wednesday/index.html?__twitter_impression=true" target="_blank">reported by CNN</a>.
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Researchers Are Creating a Drone to Study Wild Dolphins With Help From Trained Dolphins
03 July
Science
To better understand how people influence the overall health of dolphins, Oklahoma State University's Unmanned Systems Research Institute is developing a drone to collect samples from the spray that comes from their blowholes. Ken Y. / CC by 2.0
By Jason Bruck
Human actions have taken a steep toll on whales and dolphins. Some studies estimate that small whale abundance, which includes dolphins, has fallen 87% since 1980 and thousands of whales die from rope entanglement annually. But humans also cause less obvious harm. Researchers have found changes in the stress levels, reproductive health and respiratory health of these animals, but this valuable data is extremely hard to collect.
<p>To better understand how people influence the overall health of dolphins, <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Z9Z9u2EAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra" target="_blank">my colleagues and I</a> at Oklahoma State University's <a href="https://ceat.okstate.edu/usri/index.html" target="_blank">Unmanned Systems Research Institute</a> are developing a drone to collect samples from the spray that comes from their blowholes. Using these samples, we will learn more about these animals' health, which can aid in their conservation.</p><h2>The Old Ways Vs. the New Way</h2><p>Today, researchers wanting to measure wild dolphins' health primarily use remote biopsy darting – where researchers use a small dart to collect a sample of tissue – or handle the animals in order to collect samples. These methods don't physically harm the animals, but despite precautions, they can be disruptive and stressful for dolphins. Additionally, this process is challenging, time-consuming and expensive.</p><p>My current research focus is on <a href="https://integrativebiology.okstate.edu/8-people/faculty/449-jason-n-bruck" target="_blank">dolphin perception</a> – how they see, hear and sense the world. Using my experience, I am part of a team building a drone specifically designed to be an improvement over current sampling methods, both for dolphins and the researchers. Our goal is to develop a quiet drone that can fly into a dolphin's blind spot and collect samples from the mucus that is mixed with water and air sprayed out of a dolphin's blowhole when they exhale a breath. This is called the blow. Dolphins would experience less stress and teams could collect more samples at less expense.</p><p>Some researchers already use <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00425" target="_blank">drones to sample blows from large and small whales</a>. But those animals are not easily startled and have huge blow fields that throw droplets far into the air and linger for a long time. Dolphin blows spray seawater, air and hormone-containing mucus from their blowholes at <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.126870" target="_blank">nearly 200 mph and last for about 0.3 seconds</a>. Additionally, dolphins may have <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.053397" target="_blank">better hearing than humans</a> and have eyes on both sides of their head that can see in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(72)90008-7" target="_blank">both air and water</a>. Good luck sneaking up on a dolphin.</p><p>Other teams have attempted to collect samples from dolphins using commercial drones, but it seems the animals' movements <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2901" target="_blank">limit the success of these attempts with these devices</a>.</p>
<img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNDQ3Ny9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTY0NTExMzk0M30.q8ILIQEQ6WjIbiEL8GU5QdFo4OghqUZd65rWK0Y3svo/img.jpg?width=980" id="9cf25" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="455d3ece733c985bf44be661e61ac3b7" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
Researchers work with trained dolphins to learn more about their sensory abilities, seen here testing a dolphin's hearing. Jason Bruck / CC BY-ND
A Lot to Learn From Hormones
<p>When sampling the blow, we are looking for hormones in mucus as these can be used to gauge psychological and physiological health. We are specifically interested in <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0114062" target="_blank">hormones like cortisol</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.003" target="_blank">progesterone</a>, which indicate stress levels and reproductive ability respectively, but can also help determine overall health.</p><p>Additionally, blow samples can detect <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1128%2FmSystems.00119-17" target="_blank">respiratory pathogens</a> in the lungs or nasal passages - blowholes evolved from noses after all.</p><p>This health analysis is especially important in areas with oil spills as the chemicals can cause hormonal problems that harm <a href="https://www.carmmha.org/investigating-how-oil-spills-affect-dolphins-and-whales/" target="_blank">development, metabolism and reproduction</a> in dolphins.</p><p>Hormone samples can provide scientists with valuable data, but collecting them from intelligent and unpredictable animals is challenging.</p>Cetacean Collaborators
<p>To build a drone that can stealthily collect spray from moving dolphins, we needed more data on their eyesight and hearing, and this is data that couldn't be collected in the wild nor simulated in a lab.</p><p>We worked with dolphins at facilities like Dolphin Quest in Bermuda, which provides guests opportunities to learn about dolphins while allowing <a href="https://dolphinquest.com/about-us/our-story/" target="_blank">scientists access to animals for noninvasive research</a>. Here the dolphins can swim away if they choose not to work with us, so we had to design the study like a game; the way a kindergarten teacher entertains a class. If the dolphins aren't interested, we don't get to do the science.</p><p>Over the course of hundreds of sessions, we sought to answer two questions: What can dolphins hear and what can they see around their heads?</p><p>To test dolphin hearing, we set up microphones and cameras to record dolphin behavior as we played drone noise in the air. We analyzed the responses to each noise – such as how many dolphins looked at the speaker – and used these as a proxy for their ability to hear the sounds.</p><span style="display:block;position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="5f31daf07a652b8d64a093b993ee4e96"><iframe lazy-loadable="true" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/UjmQeH3vXHI?rel=0" width="100%" height="auto" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;"></iframe></span>
<p>To test vision, we mounted lights inside a Hobermann sphere – the expandable rainbow plastic sphere you can see in the video above – that we can turn on and off. The dolphins were trained to whistle when they saw a light around their head. By turning on one light on at a time – which you can watch <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FAaV2Mc0uc" target="_blank">in this video</a> – we created a map of the dolphin's field of view.</p><p>Next, we needed to understand the blow and a means to practice drone flights without a dolphin. To do this, graduate students built robodolphin, which includes a mechanical dolphin lung and replica of the blowhole.</p>
<img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNDQ4MC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYwMjYwNTI5M30.WWrIKvwHJlnbYw5VTYq7XAsW6eFHwbqAT5pB4W_sJw8/img.jpg?width=980" id="b189f" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="235613c7e6de0dc00245273f341b5450" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
Robodolphin doesn't look like a real dolphin, but it doesn't need to in order to train our drone pilots. C.J. Barton / Oklahoma State University / CC BY-ND
<p>To build robodolphin, we worked with dolphins trained to "chuff" or sneeze on command to measure spray characteristics. We used high-speed photography to see the dolphins' breath as it moved through the air. Then we conducted high resolution CT scans of a dolphin head and 3D-printed a replica of a nasal passage.</p><p>Now, we have a complete robodolphin and are tweaking its sprays to be nearly identical to the real thing. This will allow us to determine how close we need to get to collect the samples, and therefore, how quiet our drone needs to be.</p><img lazy-loadable="true" src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yMzQzNDQ4Mi9vcmlnaW4ucG5nIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYwMTYyNzQwM30.0GTCRzwomkJVp3A-L0Hi-bQElv-Y6dzkqDhOo1gKfYc/img.png?width=980" id="a16c8" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="8d4147a8a36627c51459a3a6d2c29888" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" />
The replica dolphin blowhole was designed from a scan of a real blowhole passage, and the spray it produces closely matches the real thing. Alvin Ngo, Mitch Ford and CJ Barton / Oklahoma State University / CC BY-ND
A Bit of Practice, Then Into the Wild
<p>In the next few months, we will test flights over robodolphin with existing drones to determine the timing and strategy for collection. From there, we will fabricate a low-noise drone that can fly fast enough and with sufficient maneuverability to capture samples from wild dolphins. Like a video game, we will use the visual field data to develop approach trajectories to stay in the visual blindspots.</p><p>We plan to test our drones on a truck-mounted robodolphin moving down a runway, then using a boat to simulate realistic conditions. The next steps will involve ocean testing with dolphins trained for open ocean swimming. These tests will determine if our devices can catch and hold the hormones as the drone flies back to a researcher's boat.</p><p>Finally, we will deploy the system to collect data on wild dolphins. Our first goal is to test resident dolphins – animals that live on the coasts and deal directly with boat and oil industry noise – which will allow us to learn more about stress resulting from human impacts.</p><p>Those samples are a way off, but if all goes well we will have a specially built drone capable of flying long distances and capturing samples undetected in a few years. The samples collected will allow researchers to do better science with impact on the animals they study.</p>From Your Site Articles
- Drone Footage Captures Rare Finless Porpoises in Hong Kong ... ›
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Florida Gov. DeSantis Prohibits Cities From Banning Sunscreens, Even Ones That Harm Coral
03 July
Politics
Sunscreen pollution is accelerating the demise of coral reefs globally by causing permanent DNA damage to coral. gonzalo martinez / iStock / Getty Images Plus
On July 29, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signed into law a controversial bill prohibiting local governments from banning certain types of sunscreens.
<p><a href="https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2020/172" target="_blank">SB 172</a> responds to and reverses the <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/sunscreens-oxybenzone-ban-2628295489.html" target="_self">City of Key West's 2019 ban on the sale of sunscreens containing oxybenzone and octinoxate</a> to protect its <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/coral-reefs" target="_self">coral reef</a>. The ban was set to take effect Jan. 1, 2021, but the new law strikes down that ban and prohibits similar ones.</p><p>According to the <a href="https://www.coris.noaa.gov/portals/florida.html" target="_blank">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)</a>, Key West sits on Florida's Reef Tract, the only barrier reef in the continental U.S. </p><p>Florida's multi-billion coastal economy "is highly tied to the coral reefs and dependent on their health," the <a href="https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/floridas-dying-reefs-could-kill-the-florida-keys-economy" target="_blank">Environmental and Energy Study Institute</a> found.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/reef-friendly-sunscreens-2634686426.html?rebelltitem=1#rebelltitem1" target="_self">Sunscreen pollution is accelerating the demise of coral reefs</a> globally by causing permanent DNA damage to coral, according to experts, reported <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/sunscreens-oxybenzone-ban-2628295489.html" target="_self">ABC News</a>.</p><p>"(Coral reefs) provide billions of dollars in economic and environmental services, such as food, coastal protection, and tourism," said a <a href="https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/sunscreen-corals.html#:~:text=In%20a%202016%20study%2C%20a,against%20the%20sun's%20harmful%20effects." target="_blank">NOAA infographic article</a> about the harms of sunscreens. The infographic focuses on how sunscreen chemicals enter the ocean environment, the harm they cause to <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/marine-life">marine life</a> including corals, fish, algae, etc. and alternative, reef-safe ways to stay protected from the sun.</p><p>Common <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/chemicals">chemicals</a> in sunscreens and cosmetics are "highly toxic" to marine life and "even very low concentrations" of oxybenzone and octinoxate accumulate in coral tissue, inducing bleaching, damaging coral DNA and deforming and killing young coral larvae, according to NOAA.</p>
<p>This harm to the next generation of reefs threatens the survival of corals generally <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/coral-reefs-climate-crisis-predictions-2645201373.html" target="_self">at a time when reefs are already heavily imperiled</a>. <a href="https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/sunscreen-corals.html#:~:text=In%20a%202016%20study%2C%20a,against%20the%20sun's%20harmful%20effects." target="_blank">NOAA </a>called nontoxic sunscreen alternatives "critical" to protect reefs against "exacerbating effects posted by climate change and bleaching."</p><p>Oxybenzone and octinoxate also <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/sunscreen-chemicals-bloodstream-2636509218.html" target="_self">disrupt the human endocrine system</a>.<br></p><p>Even while the new Florida bill was moving towards DeSantis' desk, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration removed most chemical sunscreens from its list of "safe and effective" products pending health studies, instead designating mineral-based sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide as "safe and effective, reported <a href="https://www.floridaphoenix.com/2020/06/30/desantis-signs-bill-prohibiting-florida-cities-from-banning-any-sunscreens-even-those-that-threaten-corals/" target="_blank">Florida Phoenix</a>.</p><p>Proponents of the bill, including many business interests, claim sunscreen is necessary to protect the residents and visitors to the sunshine state from skin cancer.</p>
<p>Senate Appropriations Chairman Rob Bradley spearheaded the bill, disputing the science claiming that sunscreens harm reefs. He argued that protecting tourists and residents from cancer trumps protecting coral reefs, reported Florida Phoenix and <a href="https://miami.cbslocal.com/2020/06/30/sunscreen-ban-in-florida/" target="_blank">CBS Miami</a>.</p><p>Those criticizing the bill call it the latest attack on local government home-rule authority as well as on coral reefs, reported <a href="https://www.startribune.com/florida-gov-chooses-side-in-sunscreen-debate-slather-away/571569782/?refresh=true" target="_blank">Star Tribune</a>.</p><p>Some have called the bill a "gross overreaction" to Key West's "measured and reasonable limitation" meant to protect their lucrative, important natural resource, reported <a href="https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/politics/fl-ne-nsf-desantis-signs-sunscreen-ban-into-law-20200630-vjbksvzx5zh23kevo4d2nibvg4-story.html" target="_blank">Sun-Sentinel</a>.</p><p>"When it comes to protecting Florida's coral reefs, the Governor is standing with corporate interests, despite millions of taxpayer dollars spent on reef preservation and restoration," environmental groups said Tuesday in a joint press release, reported <a href="https://www.floridaphoenix.com/2020/06/30/desantis-signs-bill-prohibiting-florida-cities-from-banning-any-sunscreens-even-those-that-threaten-corals/" target="_blank">Florida Phoenix</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/sunscreen-corals.html#:~:text=In%20a%202016%20study%2C%20a,against%20the%20sun's%20harmful%20effects." target="_blank">NOAA</a> said that "although pollution is a major cause of coral reef degradation," it is also "the easiest factor to mitigate" because manufacturers and consumers can choose to create and purchase less harmful products. The only issue, NOAA found, was that regulation of the toxic chemicals in sunscreens "has largely been ignored."</p><p>DeSantis did not issue statements as his office Monday night released the new bill, reported <a href="https://miami.cbslocal.com/2020/06/30/sunscreen-ban-in-florida/" target="_blank">CBS Miami</a>.</p>
From Your Site Articles
- Your Guide to Reef Friendly Sunscreens - EcoWatch ›
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Trending
Oat milk is popping up at coffee shops and grocery stores alike, quickly becoming one of the trendiest plant-based milks. jacqueline / CC by 2.0
By Kelli McGrane
Oat milk is popping up at coffee shops and grocery stores alike, quickly becoming one of the trendiest plant-based milks.
<p>In its simplest form, it's made by soaking oats, blending them with water, and straining out the oats. Yet, many companies add ingredients like sweeteners, oils, thickeners, and stabilizers to alter the product's taste, texture, and shelf life.</p><p>Since many people prefer to avoid these additives, Healthline evaluated the healthiest oat milks based on the following criteria:</p><ul><li>quality of ingredients</li><li>few — if any — added ingredients, such as stabilizers, thickeners, gums, sugars, colors, and flavors</li><li>taste and texture</li></ul><p>Here are the 14 best oat milks of 2020.</p>
<h3>Pricing Guide</h3><p>General price ranges are indicated below with dollar signs ($ to $$). One dollar sign means the product is rather affordable, whereas three dollar signs indicate a higher cost.</p><p>Generally, prices range from $0.08–$0.56 per ounce (30 mL), or $3.99–$44.99 per package, though this may vary depending on where you shop.</p><p><strong>Pricing guide</strong></p><ul><li><strong>$</strong> = under $0.10 per ounce (30 mL)</li><li><strong>$</strong> = $0.10–$0.50 per ounce (30 mL)</li><li><strong>$$</strong> = over $0.50 per ounce (30 mL)</li></ul>
<h2>1. Best Overall: Oatly Original Oatmilk</h2><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>The Swedish company Oatly, considered the original oat milk manufacturer, has become increasingly popular in the United States.</p><p>Its thick, creamy texture, slight sweetness, and versatility for baking and drinking alike make it the best overall option on the market.</p><p>Its Original Oatmilk product owes its rich consistency to non-GMO, expeller-pressed <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/rapeseed-oil" target="_blank">rapeseed oil</a>, also known as canola oil in the United States.</p><p>As it's less processed than most seed oils, Oatly's rapeseed oil likely retains more of its beneficial nutrients, including vitamin E and omega-3 and -6 fatty acids.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) of Oatly Original Oatmilk provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 120</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>16 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>7 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>20% of the Daily Value (DV)</li><li><strong>Vitamin B12:</strong> 50% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin D: </strong>25% of the DV</li></ul><p>The vitamin B12 content is particularly notable, as this essential vitamin is sometimes lacking in vegan and vegetarian diets.</p><p>While Oatly doesn't add sugar to its products, oat milk contains small amounts of natural sugars from oat starches that are broken down during the manufacturing process.</p><p>This is true for many other oat milk products on this list.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Oatly-OATLY-Original-Oat-Milk/dp/B075QJ8M1K/ref=as_li_ss_tl?almBrandId=VUZHIFdob2xlIEZvb2Rz&dchild=1&fpw=alm&keywords=oatly&qid=1593003630&sr=8-6&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=9e6913b70927d1cbf96d86b288ed9866" target="_blank">Shop for Oatly Original Oatmilk online.</a></p><h2>2. Best Budget Option: Silk Oat Yeah Oatmilk (Plain)</h2><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Silk's Oat Yeah Oatmilk is one of the cheapest oat milk products that's widely available.</p><p>Its balanced flavor isn't overly sweet, and its smooth texture resembles that of <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/soy-good-or-bad" target="_blank">soy milk</a>. Thus, it's great for drinking on its own, as well as using in cooking and baking.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) of Silk's plain Oat Yeah Oatmilk offers:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 80</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 3 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>11 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>1 gram</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>4 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>35% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin B12:</strong> 100% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin D: </strong>20% of the DV</li></ul><p>As you can see, a single serving packs all of your daily vitamin B12 needs. What's more, its ratio of calcium and vitamin D is similar to what's found in fortified dairy milk.</p><p>While Silk Oat Yeah Oatmilk harbors more ingredients and additives than many other products on this list, it's still one of the best options for the price.</p><p><a href="https://go.skimresources.com/?id=41977X1601025&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freshdirect.com%2Fpdp.jsp%3FproductId%3Ddai_pid_2004606" target="_blank">Shop for plain Silk Oat Yeah Oatmilk online.</a></p><h2>3. Best Gluten-Free: Oatly Low Fat Oatmilk</h2><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>While several oat milk companies claim to be gluten-free, Oatly is currently the only major brand in the United States that's been <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/gluten-in-oats" target="_blank">certified gluten-free</a> by the Gluten-Free Certification Organization (GFCO).</p><p>What's more, their low fat oatmilk has a relatively short ingredient list that's free of added gums and thickeners. Unlike other Oatly products, it doesn't contain added oils.</p><p>One cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 91</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 1 gram<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>16 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>7 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>20–25% of the DV</li><li><strong>Phosphorus: </strong>20–25% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin A: </strong>20–25% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin B12:</strong> 50% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin D: </strong>20–25% of the DV</li></ul><p>Unlike Oatly's Original product, their low fat option is thinner and closer in consistency to low fat dairy milk.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Oatly-Low-Fat-Oatmilk/dp/B07R18FLGD/ref=as_li_ss_tl?dchild=1&keywords=oatly+low+fat&qid=1593004495&sr=8-2&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=0bac63a20a87e81292ced0926ead00ab" target="_blank">Shop for Oatly Low Fat Oatmilk online.</a></p><h2>4–5. Best Organic Oat Milks </h2><p>While all types of oats are nutritious, whole grain foods, some people are concerned about <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/pesticides-and-health" target="_blank">chemical pesticides</a> and fertilizers used on conventional oat crops.</p><p>Levels of chemical residues on oats regularly test below the safety limits set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Still, organic oats are less likely to contain high levels of these residues.</p><h3>4. Oatsome Oat Milk Original</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Oatsome Oat Milk Original is not only <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/what-is-organic-food" target="_blank">organic</a> but also free of gums, thickeners, and stabilizers.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 130</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 3 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>21 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>0 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>13 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>20% of the DV</li><li><strong>Riboflavin (vitamin B6): </strong>40% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin B12:</strong> 40% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin D: </strong>10% of the DV</li></ul><p>While lauded for its creamy texture, it's one of the more expensive options on the market.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Oatsome-Organic-Oat-Milk-Count/dp/B07W59VH6B/ref=as_li_ss_tl?th=1&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=711ea76d751e1c49e1a2eb915dbca8e5" target="_blank">Shop for Oatsome Oat Milk Original online.</a></p><h3>5. Pacific Foods Original Oat Plant-Based Beverage, Reduced Sugar</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Pacific Foods is a respected food company that uses as many locally sourced and organic ingredients as possible.</p><p>Their organic, reduced sugar oat original plant-based beverage is certified organic and <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/gmos-pros-and-cons" target="_blank">non-GMO</a>. Additionally, it has a minimal ingredient list that's free of added sugars.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 130</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 2.5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>23 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>less than 1 gram</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>4 grams</li></ul><p>This organic oat beverage also has a mild, slightly sweet flavor that's a bit thinner than other oat milk options. As a result, it's best enjoyed on its own as a beverage or used in cooking and baking.</p><p>While one of the lowest sugar options, some reviewers find the beverage to have a slightly gritty texture.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B088NFG3P9/ref=as_li_ss_tl?psc=1&spLa=ZW5jcnlwdGVkUXVhbGlmaWVyPUEzNkFUR09KWlpZM1I5JmVuY3J5cHRlZElkPUEwNDYyMTU1Mk9HMjRSNERMRjFGMiZlbmNyeXB0ZWRBZElkPUEwOTMyNDg0MzY4WEpCUFpNQlFBUSZ3aWRnZXROYW1lPXNwX2RldGFpbDImYWN0aW9uPWNsaWNrUmVkaXJlY3QmZG9Ob3RMb2dDbGljaz10cnVl&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=2a551c8090f52755c45ea8639a0ce9d2" target="_blank">Shop for Pacific Foods Original Oat Plant-Based Beverage, Reduced Sugar online.</a></p>
<h2>6–7. Best Oat Milks for Drinking</h2><p>The best oat milks for drinking are creamy — but not too thick — and aren't overly sweet.</p><h3>6. Planet Oat Original</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>If you like the consistency of 2% milk, Planet Oat Original is a great choice because it's free of added oils and quite low in natural sugars.</p><p>A single cup (240 mL) offers:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 90</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 1.5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>19 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>4 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>25% of the DV</li><li><strong>Vitamin D: </strong>20% of the DV</li></ul><p>Like Oatly, Planet Oat uses a stabilizer called dipotassium phosphate that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) deems safe.</p><p>However, frequent intake of foods containing this additive may <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods-to-avoid-with-kidney-disease" target="_blank">harm kidney health</a>, especially in people with pre-existing kidney disease.</p><p>While small amounts of dipotassium phosphate shouldn't be concerning, you may want to choose a different oat milk if you have kidney issues.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Planet-Oat-Original-Oatmilk-52/dp/B07KNKDBJ5/ref=as_li_ss_tl?almBrandId=QW1hem9uIEZyZXNo&dchild=1&fpw=alm&keywords=planet+oat&qid=1593013421&sr=8-6&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=85eb6bd55fab2ae619cf692766408d34" target="_blank">Shop for Planet Oat original oatmilk online.</a></p><h3>7. Califia Farms Unsweetened Oatmilk</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Califia Farms Unsweetened Oatmilk isn't overly sweet and strikes the right balance between smooth and creamy.</p><p>As it tends to separate when added to coffee, it's best consumed on its own or with cereal.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) contains:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 130</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 7 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>1 gram</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>15 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>0 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>4 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>20% of the DV</li></ul><p>Although this oat milk is free of gums and stabilizers, it's higher in fat than many other products.</p><p>This fat comes from <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/is-sunflower-oil-healthy" target="_blank">sunflower oil</a>, which is high in omega-6 fatty acids.</p><p>Research suggests that diets high in omega-6s but low in omega-3s may increase chronic inflammation in your body. Over time, this may raise your risk of chronic ailments like heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes.</p><p>If you choose this oat milk, you may want to limit your intake of other vegetable oils high in omega-6s, such as soybean, safflower, cottonseed, and corn oil.</p><p><a href="https://www.instacart.com/products/19770971-califia-farms-oatmilk-unsweetened-48-oz" target="_blank">Shop for Califia Farms Unsweetened Oatmilk online.</a></p><h2>8–9. Best Oat Milks for Coffee</h2><p>Many oat milk brands offer barista blends designed to steam and froth for drinks like lattés and cappuccinos.</p><p>These products are often creamier than regular oat milks to provide a gourmet, coffee-shop quality.</p><h3>8. Califia Farms Oat Barista Blend</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>While Califia Farms' unsweetened product isn't the best for <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/top-13-evidence-based-health-benefits-of-coffee" target="_blank">coffee</a>, its Barista Blend gets great reviews for its frothing ability and sweet, oaty flavor.</p><p>Notably, it's also free of gums and stabilizers.</p><p>One cup (240 mL) contains:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 130</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 7 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>14 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>1 gram</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Califia-Farms-Unsweetened-Oatmilk-Gluten-Free/dp/B07NW4GSSR/ref=as_li_ss_tl?almBrandId=QW1hem9uIEZyZXNo&dchild=1&fpw=alm&keywords=califia+farms&qid=1593014498&s=amazonfresh&sr=1-6&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=e1843b99f63e6b6d066d482b061560bb" target="_blank">Shop for Califia Farms Oat Barista Blend online.</a></p><h3>9. Minor Figures Oat Milk Barista</h3><p><strong>Price: </strong>$</p><p>Created by baristas in London, Minor Figures Oat Milk Barista is designed to be great for foaming or steaming.</p><p>It works well for your morning latté but can also be used in baking and even poured over <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/are-breakfast-cereals-healthy" target="_blank">cereal</a>, as its texture isn't overly thick.</p><p>Additionally, it's free of gums, thickeners, and stabilizers.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) offers:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 116</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>23 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>0 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>11 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul><p><a href="https://go.skimresources.com/?id=41977X1601025&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FMinor-Figures-Milk-Case-Liters%2Fdp%2FB07NRQ63K6" target="_blank">Shop for Minor Figures Organic Oat Milk Barista online.</a></p>
<h2>10–11. Best for Cooking and Baking</h2><p>While most oat milks can be used for cooking and baking, some are better than others due to their thickness and flavor.</p><h3>10. Elmhurst Unsweetened Milked Oats</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Elmhurst Unsweetened Milked Oats is a low sugar, mild oat milk that's made with just filtered water, oats, and <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/salt-good-or-bad" target="_blank">salt</a>.</p><p>It's not ideal for drinking or adding to coffee since it's thinner than many other oat milks. Keep in mind that some consumers mention a slight gritty texture.</p><p>Still, it's one of the best options if you're used to baking or cooking with skim or low fat dairy milk.</p><p>Only 1 cup (240 mL) contains:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 80</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 1.5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>14 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>1 gram</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>4 grams</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Elmhurst-1925-Unsweetened-Milk-Ounce/dp/B082WHZGKM/ref=as_li_ss_tl?dchild=1&keywords=Elmhurst+Unsweetened+Oat&qid=1590684321&s=grocery&sr=1-1-spons&spLa=ZW5jcnlwdGVkUXVhbGlmaWVyPUEzQ0NUWkU1OFNNWjg0JmVuY3J5cHRlZElkPUEwMTIyMjY2MkE1NFk2M0c0TFRaTSZlbmNyeXB0ZWRBZElkPUEwNDEyMzcxMURDWTVNQlUyNkJMTyZ3aWRnZXROYW1lPXNwX2F0ZiZhY3Rpb249Y2xpY2tSZWRpcmVjdCZkb05vdExvZ0NsaWNrPXRydWU&th=1&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=99dd8f796b34fed79ecce4d610586347" target="_blank">Shop for Elmhurst Unsweetened Milked Oats online.</a></p><h3>11. Chobani Plain Extra Creamy Oat Milk</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Unlike Elmhurst's product above, Chobani's Plain Extra Creamy Oat Milk has a consistency much closer to <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/whole-vs-skim-milk" target="_blank">whole milk</a>.</p><p>Its slightly sweet taste and thick, creamy texture add a rich mouthfeel and flavor to baked goods. It can also help thicken soups.</p><p>While it contains a small number of additives, it uses organic oats and doesn't have artificial flavors or preservatives.</p><p>One cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 120</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 9 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>11 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>8 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Chobani-Drink-Extra-Creamy-Plain/dp/B07Z1DTG97/ref=as_li_ss_tl?almBrandId=QW1hem9uIEZyZXNo&dchild=1&fpw=alm&keywords=chobani+thick+oat+milk&qid=1590687183&s=grocery&sr=1-2&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=0783ba2c67ebf97f7070cd3ea2e8a315" target="_blank">Shop for Chobani Plain Extra Creamy Oat Milk online.</a></p><h2>12–13. Best Flavored</h2><p>Flavored varieties like chocolate or vanilla oat milk can make nice treats or desserts, though you should keep in mind that they're often high in sugar.</p><p>These flavored options are lower in sugar than many of their competitors.</p><h3>12. Elmhurst Milked Oats Chocolate</h3><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Elmhurst Milked Oats Chocolate is your best bet if you're looking for a plant-based chocolate milk.</p><p>One serving offers just 4 grams of sugar from natural cane sugar.</p><p>Elmhurst's chocolate product doesn't contain any added gums, thickeners, or stabilizers. Instead, it's made from just six basic ingredients — water, oats, cane sugar, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/cocoa-powder-nutrition-benefits" target="_blank">cocoa powder</a>, natural flavors, and salt.</p><p>Just 1 cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 110</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 2 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0.5 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>19 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>4 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>3 grams</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B082WJZVVH/ref=as_li_ss_tl?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=57f0e62ed3831cec5272f46750b8bc32" target="_blank">Shop for Elmhurst Milked Oats Chocolate online.</a></p><h3>13. Planet Oat Vanilla Oatmilk</h3><p><strong>Price: </strong>$</p><p>Plant Oats Vanilla Oatmilk has a distinct vanilla flavor without any added sugars — just naturally occurring oat sugar.</p><p>One cup (240 mL) contains:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 90</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 1.5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>0 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>19 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>2 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>4 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>2 grams</li></ul><p>Keep in mind that this product has a few additives, such as <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/gellan-gum" target="_blank">gellan gum</a> and dipotassium phosphate.</p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Planet-Oat-Oatmilk-Vanilla-Fluid/dp/B07KNKF3P9/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=fadc37e6a5225a200216c3cfe0a2c4d4" target="_blank">Shop for Planet Oat Vanilla Oatmilk online.</a></p>
<h2>14. Best Blended Option: Mooala Organic Coconut Oat Milk</h2><p><strong>Price:</strong> $</p><p>Mooala is a Texas-based company with a line of dairy-free milk alternatives, including their Coconut Oat Milk.</p><p>Its consistency is similar to 2% milk, and its <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/coconut-nutrition" target="_blank">hint of coconut</a> differentiates it from most products on the market. It's also one of the only sugar-free options available.</p><p>Moreover, the product doesn't need any added oils to make it rich and smooth because it contains coconut cream.</p><p>Organic oats, organic cinnamon, sea salt, calcium carbonate, and gellan gum are also on the ingredient list.</p><p>One cup (240 mL) provides:</p><ul><li><strong>Calories:</strong> 50</li><li><strong>Fat:</strong> 3.5 grams<ul><li><strong>Saturated fat: </strong>3 grams</li></ul></li><li><strong>Carbs: </strong>5 grams</li><li><strong>Fiber: </strong>3 grams</li><li><strong>Sugar: </strong>0 grams</li><li><strong>Protein: </strong>1 gram</li><li><strong>Calcium: </strong>30% of the DV</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Mooala-leche-avena-az%C3%BAcar-l%C3%ADquidas/dp/B07NRFRFYN/ref=as_li_ss_tl?almBrandId=VUZHIFdob2xlIEZvb2Rz&dchild=1&fpw=alm&keywords=mooala&qid=1590715180&sr=8-2&linkCode=ll1&tag=nutrition-best-oat-milk-20&linkId=9631f314ef6a06129b0d6729c582ee29" target="_blank">Shop for Mooala organic coconut oat milk online.</a></p><p><strong>A Note on Availability</strong></p><p>As of this article's publication, the product above is sold out. If you're interested in this oat milk, continue to check the link above for the latest availability information from the retailer.</p><h2>How to Choose a Healthy Oat Milk Product</h2><p>When looking for a healthy oat milk product, it's important to take a look at the ingredient list.</p><p>Ideally, opt for a product with a short ingredient list that's low in both <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/too-much-sugar" target="_blank">added sugar</a> and additives like thickeners, stabilizers, gums, and artificial flavorings and colors.</p><p>Keep in mind that many oat milks contain natural sugars because oats' starches are broken down by <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/natural-digestive-enzymes" target="_blank">enzymes</a> during the manufacturing process.</p><p>Finally, if you have a gluten allergy or intolerance, only choose products that are certified gluten-free. While oats are naturally gluten-free, there's still a risk of cross-contamination with other grains.</p><h2>The Bottom Line</h2><p>Oat milk is a popular plant-based beverage that's enjoyed for its slightly sweet, oaty flavor and creamy consistency.</p><p>While numerous options abound, the healthiest ones tend to be low in sugar and additives.</p><p>It's also surprisingly easy and inexpensive to <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/oat-milk" target="_blank">make oat milk at home</a>.</p>
<p><em>Reposted with permission from <em><a href="https://www.healthline.com/" target="_blank">Healthline</a>.</em> For detailed source information, please view the original article on <a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/best-oat-milk" target="_blank"><em>Healthline</em></a>.</em></p>From Your Site Articles
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