
Bidet Collage
As Americans seek more environmentally-friendly approaches to their homes and hygiene, bidets have grown in popularity. Recent toilet paper shortages have also convinced more users to opt for a different approach. Looking to make your bathroom more sustainable? Our guide will show you everything you need to know about bidet attachments and seats for your home.
Even if you've never actually used a bidet, you probably know what they are; and if you've ever traveled to Europe or Japan, you may have encountered one. But for those who don't know, a bidet is essentially a device that uses a stream of water to help you clean instead of toilet paper. Bidets can sometimes be stand-alone devices, but in other instances they are attachments to existing toilet seats.
If you're interested in getting a bidet in your home, there are a number of standout bidet seats and attachments on the market today. We'll walk you through just a few of the most popular options, highlighting some of the best buys in the bidet space.
Our Picks for the Best Bidets of 2021
Each product featured here has been independently selected by the writer. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.
- Best Bidet Seat - Toto C200 Electronic Bidet
- Best Bidet Attachment - TUSHY Classic 3.0 Bidet Attachment
- Best Smart Bidet Seat - BioBidet Bliss BB-2000 Bidet Seat
- Most Customizable Seat - Omigo Luxury Bidet Toilet Seat
- Most Affordable - LUXE Bidet Neo 120 Attachment
- Best for Comfort - Brondell Swash 1400 Bidet Seat
- Best Non-Electric Bidet Seat - Kohler Puretide Manual Bidet Toilet Seat
- Best for Accessibility - Coway Bidetmega 400E Bidet Seat
How We Reviewed Bidet Seats and Attachments
To create our list of the best bidet seats and bidet attachments, we considered a few key categories for each product. For bidet seats we looked for options that included heated seats, warm water reservoirs, self-cleaning wands, multiple nozzles, customization and adjustment options, ease-of-installation, and whether they offered an eco-mode or energy saving setting. For bidet attachments we looked for options with an affordable price, self-cleaning wands, easy installation, and whether they allow users to control or adjust water pressure and nozzle settings. Additionally, we compared brand reputation and the information they offered on how much the product could help reduce toilet paper waste in the environment. You can also read our individual reviews of Tushy, Omigo, and Toto bidets.
Here are the best bidet options for you to consider.
Toto WASHLETT C200 Electronic Bidet
Toto USA
Toto is a company that's well-established for its quality bidet products. The Toto C200 electric bidet seat comes with a number of advantages, and you can even create unique user profiles, ensuring the bidet remembers your preferences.
- Adjustable oscillating water options
- A built-in air dryer to assist you in personal hygiene.
- A self-cleaning wand automatically cleans up after each use.
Why buy: The Toto WASHLET C200 electric bidet features a deodorizer, heated seat, instant warm water reservoir, and a pre-mist cleaning function for added hygiene.
TUSHY Classic 3.0 Bidet Attachment
hellotushy
If you're looking for an attachment rather than a full toilet seat, we recommend this model from TUSHY. The TUSHY Classic 3.0 is an especially great option for bidet shoppers on a budget from an eco-conscious brand.
- It's made for easy installation, usually taking no more than 10 minutes.
- This is one of the very best bidet attachments for under $100.
- Controls let you customize nozzle placement and water pressure.
Why buy: Tushy claims their non-electric bidet attachment can reduce your toilet paper usage by 80%, saving trees and money.
BioBidet Bliss BB-2000 Bidet Seat
BioBidet
The BioBidet Bliss seat offers a number of advanced features including a comfort-adjustable heated seat with a remote control, adjustable warm air drying, and a patented vortex wash.
- Adjustable water temperature, water pressure, and heated seat.
- Three-in-one stainless steel nozzle design for a complete clean and feminine wash.
- Hybrid heating technology so you always have warm water.
Why buy: This electric bidet seat from BioBidet features an Energy Save Mode to reduce electricity usage as well as toilet paper usage.
Omigo Luxury Bidet Toilet Seat
Omigo
For years, Omigo has been a leading name in luxury bidets and accessories. Their flagship product boasts hundreds of rave reviews, and a long list of exciting features. Some of the perks of choosing Omigo include:
- They offer various shapes, allowing you to pick the bidet that best matches your existing toilet bowl.
- Omigo offers a heated seat with adjustable temperature.
- An LED night light makes it easy for you to use your bidet even at night.
Why buy: You can customize your bidet experience by choosing from a range of nozzle positions and adjustable spray pressure settings, and separate rear and front nozzles are available.
LUXE Bidet Neo 120 Attachment
Luxe Bidet
LUXE offers affordable bidet options with a 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you're looking to try out a basic bidet to see what it's like, the LUXE Neo 120 attachment may be the perfect option. One thing to note, however, is that this model is non-electric and uses cold water.
- A self-cleaning, sanitary nozzle with guard helps promote cleanliness and hygiene.
- The LUXE bidet attachment installs easily and in minutes.
- 18-month warranty and 100% satisfaction guarantee.
Why buy: This is one of the most affordable bidet options out there, and is a great way to make your bathroom more sustainable.
Brondell Swash 1400 Bidet Toilet Seat
Brondell
Brondell is another company that offers top-of-the-line bidet toilet seats. The Swash 1400 features a heated seat, air dryer, replaceable deodorizer, and programmable user settings. Brondell also offers a non-electric Ecoseat series and a travel bidet.
- Seven different nozzle positions, and an ambient night light.
- The unit can be installed in under an hour, without any need to call a plumber.
- Front and rear nozzles allow for a complete cleaning experience.
Why buy: Brondell notes that 37 gallons of water are used to make one roll of toilet paper; that same amount of water is equivalent to 150 washes with their bidet seat.
Kohler Puretide Manual Bidet Toilet Seat
Kohler
The Kohler Puretide manual bidet seat is a simple, straightforward, and affordable product. It features a self-cleaning wand with adjustable water pressure and position.
- Sleek, low-profile design that doesn't stand out.
- Manual-operated handle allows you to control water pressure without electricity.
- Quick-Attach hardware makes it easy to install in minutes.
Why buy: The Kohler Puretide is an affordable, non-electric bidet seat that makes it easy to reduce your environmental impact. It also features a very unobtrusive design.
Coway Bidetmega 400E Bidet Seat
Cowaymega
This electronic bidet seat from Coway includes a ton of features that make it an accessible option for every member of the family. The company's unique i-wave Cleaning Technology is designed to provide a comfortable cleaning experience for every person.
- Wireless remote control with child-friendly controls and braille for visually-impaired users.
- Three-stage cleansing care system keeps the system hygienic.
- Adjustable water temperature, water pressure, direction, flow, and warm air dryer.
Why buy: Coway includes a lot of accessibility features in their bidet seats, as well as an eco-mode to reduce the energy consumption of the unit.
The Benefits of Using a Bidet
What are the top reasons for using a bidet? There are actually many benefits to consider.
Better Cleanliness
One reason why people love bidets is that water bidets help you get clean in ways that toilet paper just won't. That's because we all understand that a stream of water has greater cleaning power than paper or tissue. Additionally, some bidets have air drying and self-cleaning features to make them a more sanitary option.
Better for the Environment
Another reason to use a bidet is that it's better for the environment than using toilet paper.
The U.S. accounts for a disproportionately high percentage of the world's toilet paper use. A big reason for that? We don't use bidets. But by making the switch, you can massively cut back on your own contributions to paper waste.
And while using a bidet does require you to use some water, but it's actually quite a bit less water than what's required to manufacture a single roll of toilet tissue.
Better for Your Wallet
Using a bidet can actually help you save quite a bit of money. The average bidet user reduces their annual toilet paper use by more than 75 percent, which for some families is quite a bit of money!
Plus, any time a major storm or a big snow is coming, folks head to the store to stock up on toilet paper. If you've got a bidet in your bathroom, you can skip the last-minute run to the store.
Additional Perks of a Bidet
The list of bidet benefits just goes on from there. Some additional advantages that bidet users can anticipate include:
- Bidets are comfortable and non-irritating to your skin
- Using a bidet can have particular benefits for women and expecting mothers, minimizing the risk of UTIs
- Bidets are very easy to use, including for those who have mobility issues
- By using a bidet, you will have a lower likelihood of clogged toilets and other expensive plumbing problems
- Bidets can be great for showing your kids how to use proper hygiene
Really, the list could go on and on. So with all of that said, let's move on to the next question: What should you look for in a bidet?
What to Consider When Shopping for the Best bidet
In seeking a bidet seat or attachment, keep these shopping considerations in mind.
Electric Bidet vs. Non-Electric
An electric bidet seat is generally going to offer the most consistent and comfortable performance. By contrast, a mechanical bidet simply uses your home's water pressure, which can be less reliable. With that said, a mechanical bidet will likely cost you less. If you're hoping to spend under $300 on a bidet, a mechanical one is probably your only bet.
Heated Bidet vs. Non-Heated
Concerned about the shock of cold water from a bidet? You can invest in a bidet that uses warm water with temperature control instead. Keep in mind, though, that if it takes your hot water supply a few seconds to reach the bathroom sink, it will take just as long to reach the bidet.
Find a Self-Cleaning Bidet
Some bidets include a self-cleaning nozzle that can clean themselves between each use. Others will require you to manually clean the nozzle yourself. As you might imagine, self-cleaning bidets are a little more expensive, but much more convenient and hygienic.
Attachment vs. Seat
One of the biggest decisions to make is whether you'll get a bidet attachment, or a full bidet seat. What's the difference?
- A bidet attachment simply attaches to your current toilet seat. These often work just fine, but may not look as streamlined.
- A full bidet seat will be a bit more expensive, and potentially harder to install, but ultimately it's a more compact approach.
Consider Multiple Nozzles
Many bidets will offer you a single nozzle, but some offer dual nozzles for more cleaning options. You'll pay a little bit more for the twin nozzles, but for many bidet users, that will be money well spent.
Additional Features
High-end electric bidets come with a range of other features. Some of these extras might include:
- Pulsating water spray and oscillation options
- Warm air dryers
- Deodorizers
- "Smart" settings and user profiles with a control panel
Buying a Bidet FAQs
Q. Are bidets messy?
No, it's actually very easy to adjust the pressure and positioning of a bidet nozzle, ensuring clean, precise use. Plus, many bidets include a self-cleaning function.
Q. What if I don't have any room in my bathroom for a bidet?
One of the great things about bidet seats and attachments is that you don't need any extra space. You can simply install one of these units onto your existing toilet.
Q. Are bidets primarily for women?
While bidets do offer special feminine hygiene benefits, they also help men remain clean and sanitary, without the need to use a bunch of toilet paper. Bidets are great for women, but they certainly aren't just for women.
Q. Should I use soap with my bidet?
No! Regularly using soap in sensitive areas can actually cause irritation. Warm water is all that's required for your bidet to offer its full, sanitary effects.
Q. Will I need a plumber to install my bidet?
All of the seats and attachments listed here are very easy to self-install and should not require you to call a plumber.
Choose the Bidet that's Right for You and the Environment
Bidets are surging in popularity as more and more people discover the hygienic and environmental benefits. There's never been a better time to try one out and enjoy the unique benefits for yourself. Use this guide to find the bidet that's right for your comfort preferences and your budget to reduce your impact on the planet.
Josh Hurst is a journalist, critic, and essayist. He lives in Knoxville, TN, with his wife and three sons. He covers natural health, nutrition, supplements, and clean energy. His writing has appeared in Health, Shape, and Remedy Review.
Scientists consider plastic pollution one of the "most pressing environmental and social issues of the 21st century," but so far, microplastic research has mostly focused on the impact on rivers and oceans.
However, a new study from researchers at Cornell and Utah State University highlights the increasing threat of airborne microplastics "spiraling around the globe," The Guardian reported.
Plastic waste breaks down into smaller pieces until it becomes microscopic and gets swept up into the atmosphere, where it rides the jet stream and travels across continents, the Cornell Chronicle reported. Researchers discovered this has led to a global plastic cycle as microplastics permeate the environment, according to The Guardian.
"We found a lot of legacy plastic pollution everywhere we looked; it travels in the atmosphere and it deposits all over the world," Janice Brahney, lead author of the study and Utah State University assistant professor of natural resources, told the Cornell Chronicle. "This plastic is not new from this year. It's from what we've already dumped into the environment over several decades."
In the study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers tested the most likely sources of more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western U.S. To their surprise, the researchers found that almost none of the atmospheric microplastics came from plastic waste in cities and towns. "It just didn't work out that way," Professor Natalie Mahowald from Cornell University, who was part of the research team, told The Guardian.
It turns out that 84 percent of atmospheric microplastics came from roads, 11 percent from oceans and five percent from agricultural soil dust, the scientists wrote.
"We did the modeling to find out the sources, not knowing what the sources might be," Mahowald told the Cornell Chronicle. "It's amazing that this much plastic is in the atmosphere at that level, and unfortunately accumulating in the oceans and on land and just recirculating and moving everywhere, including remote places."
The scientists say the level of plastic pollution is expected to increase, raising "questions on the impact of accumulating plastics in the atmosphere on human health. The inhalation of particles can be irritating to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases," The Guardian reported.
The study coincides with other recent reports by researchers, who confirmed the existence of microplastics in New Zealand and Moscow, where airborne plastics are turning up in remote parts of snowy Siberia.
In the most recent study, scientists also learned that plastic particles were more likely to be blown from fields than roads in Africa and Asia, The Guardian reported.
As plastic production increases every year, the scientists stressed that there remains "large uncertainties in the transport, deposition, and source attribution of microplastics," and wrote that further research should be prioritized.
"What we're seeing right now is the accumulation of mismanaged plastics just going up. Some people think it's going to increase by tenfold [per decade]," Mahowald told The Guardian. "But maybe we could solve this before it becomes a huge problem, if we manage our plastics better, before they accumulate in the environment and swirl around everywhere."
- Microplastics Are Increasing in Our Lives, New Research Finds ... ›
- Microplastics Found in Human Organs for First Time - EcoWatch ›
- New Study: 15.5 Million Tons of Microplastics Litter Ocean Floor ... ›
By Michel Penke
More than every second person in the world now has a cellphone, and manufacturers are rolling out bigger, better, slicker models all the time. Many, however, have a bloody history.
Though made in large part of plastic, glass, ceramics, gold and copper, they also contain critical resources. The gallium used for LEDs and the camera flash, the tantalum in capacitors and indium that powers the display were all pulled from the ground — at a price for nature and people.
"Mining raw materials is always problematic, both with regard to human rights and ecology," said Melanie MĂĽller, raw materials expert of the German think tank SWP. "Their production process is pretty toxic."
The gallium and indium in many phones comes from China or South Korea, the tantalum from the Democratic Republic of Congo or Rwanda. All in, such materials comprise less than ten grams of a phone's weight. But these grams finance an international mining industry that causes radioactive earth dumps, poisoned groundwater and Indigenous population displacement.
Environmental Damage: 'Nature Has Been Overexploited'
The problem is that modern technologies don't work without what are known as critical raw materials. Collectively, solar panels, drones, 3D printers and smartphone contain as many as 30 of these different elements sourced from around the globe. A prime example is lithium from Chile, which is essential in the manufacture of batteries for electric vehicles.
"No one, not even within the industry, would deny that mining lithium causes enormous environmental damage," MĂĽller explained, in reference to the artificial lakes companies create when flushing the metal out of underground brine reservoirs. "The process uses vast amounts of water, so you end up with these huge flooded areas where the lithium settles."
This means of extraction results in the destruction and contamination of the natural water system. Unique plants and animals lose access to groundwater and watering holes. There have also been reports of freshwater becoming salinated due to extensive acidic waste water during lithium mining.
But lithium is not the only raw material that causes damage. Securing just one ton of rare earth elements produces 2,000 tons of toxic waste, and has devastated large regions of China, said GĂĽnther Hilpert, head of the Asia Research Division of the German think tank SWP.
He says companies there have adopted a process of spraying acid over the mining areas in order to separate the rare earths from other ores, and that mined areas are often abandoned after excavation.
"They are no longer viable for agricultural use," Hilpert said. "Nature has been overexploited."
China is not the only country with low environmental mining standards and poor resource governance. In Madagascar, for example, a thriving illegal gem and metal mining sector has been linked to rainforest depletion and destruction of natural lemur habitats.
States like Madagascar, Rwanda and the DRC score poorly on the Environmental Performance Index that ranks 180 countries for their effort on factors including conservation, air quality, waste management and emissions. Environmentalists are therefore particularly concerned that these countries are mining highly toxic materials like beryllium, tantalum and cobalt.
But it is not only nature that suffers from the extraction of high-demand critical raw materials.
"It is a dirty, toxic, partly radioactive industry," Hilpert said. "China, for example, has never really cared about human rights when it comes to achieving production targets."
Dirty, Toxic, Radioactive: Working in the Mining Sector
One of the most extreme examples is Baotou, a Chinese city in Inner Mongolia, where rare earth mining poisoned surrounding farms and nearby villages, causing thousands of people to leave the area.
In 2012, The Guardian described a toxic lake created in conjunction with rare earth mining as "a murky expanse of water, in which no fish or algae can survive. The shore is coated with a black crust, so thick you can walk on it. Into this huge, 10 sq km tailings pond nearby factories discharge water loaded with chemicals used to process the 17 most sought after minerals in the world."
Local residents reported health issues including aching legs, diabetes, osteoporosis and chest problems, The Guardian wrote.
South Africa has also been held up for turning a blind eye to the health impacts of mining.
"The platinum sector in South Africa has been criticized for performing very poorly on human rights — even within the raw materials sector," Müller said.
In 2012, security forces killed 34 miners who had been protesting poor working conditions and low wages at a mine owned by the British company Lonmin. What became known as the "Marikana massacre" triggered several spontaneous strikes across the country's mining sector.
Müller says miners can still face exposure to acid drainage — a frequent byproduct of platinum mining — that can cause chemical burns and severe lung damage. Though this can be prevented by a careful waste system.
Some progress was made in 2016 when the South African government announced plans to make mining companies pay $800 million (€679 million) for recycling acid mine water. But they didn't all comply. In 2020, activists sued Australian-owned mining company Mintails and the government to cover the cost of environmental cleanup.
Another massive issue around mining is water consumption. Since the extraction of critical raw materials is very water intensive, drought prone countries such as South Africa, have witnessed an increase in conflicts over supply.
For years, industry, government and the South African public debated – without a clear agreement – whether companies should get privileged access to water and how much the population may suffer from shortages.
Mining in Brazil: Replacing Nature, People, Land Rights
Beyond the direct health and environmental impact of mining toxic substances, quarrying critical raw materials destroys livelihoods, as developments in Brazil demonstrate.
"Brazil is the major worldwide niobium producer and reserves in [the state of] Minas Gerais would last more than 200 years [at the current rate of demand]," said Juliana Siqueira-Gay, environmental engineer and Ph.D. student at the University of SĂŁo Paulo.
While the overall number of niobium mining requests is stagnating, the share of claims for Indigenous land has skyrocketed from 3 to 36 percent within one year. If granted, 23 percent of the Amazon forest and the homeland of 222 Indigenous groups could fall victim to deforestation in the name of mining, a study by Siqueira-Gay finds.
In early 2020, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro signed a bill which would allow corporations to develop areas populated by Indigenous communities in the future. The law has not yet entered into force, but "this policy could have long-lasting negative effects on Brazil's socio-biodiversity," said Siqueira-Gay.
One example are the niobium reserves in Seis Lagos, in Brazil's northeast, which could be quarried to build electrolytic capacitors for smartphones.
"They overlap the Balaio Indigenous land and it would cause major impacts in Indigenous communities by clearing forests responsible for providing food, raw materials and regulating the local climate," Siqueira-Gay explained.
She says scientific good practice guidelines offer a blueprint for sustainable mining that adheres to human rights and protects forests. Quarries in South America — and especially Brazil — funded by multilaterial banks like the International Finance Corporation of the World Bank Group have to follow these guidelines, Siqueira-Gay said.
They force companies to develop sustainable water supply, minimize acid exposure and re-vegetate mined surfaces. "First, negative impacts must be avoided, then minimized and at last compensated — not the other way around."
Reposted with permission from DW.
Researchers at UC-Riverside are investigating how barley, a key ingredient in beer, survives in such a wide variety of climates with hopes of learning what exactly makes it so resilient across climates.
Barley was first grown domestically in Southwest Asia about 10,000 year ago and is grown around the world, from Egypt to Minnesota.
Barley's prime growing regions have shifted northward in recent decades as global temperatures have risen due to climate change caused by human extraction and combustion of fossil fuels.
Chuck Skypeck, technical brewing projects manager for the Brewers Association located in Boulder, Colorado, told E&E climate change's effects are impacting the brewing industry.
"Certainly dynamic growing conditions, water scarcity, extreme weather events, growers' planting decisions can all affect both pricing and availability of brewers' supply of malted barley," he told E&E News.
For a deeper dive:
For more climate change and clean energy news, you can follow Climate Nexus on Twitter and Facebook, sign up for daily Hot News, and visit their news site, Nexus Media News.
France moved one step closer this weekend to banning short-haul flights in an attempt to fight the climate crisis.
A bill prohibiting regional flights that could be replaced with an existing train journey of less than two and a half hours passed the country's National Assembly late on Saturday, as Reuters reported.
"We know that aviation is a contributor of carbon dioxide and that because of climate change we must reduce emissions," Industry Minister Agnes Pannier-Runacher told Europe 1 radio, according to Reuters.
The measure now has to pass the French Senate, then return to the lower house for a final vote. It would end regional flights between Paris's Orly airport and cities like Nantes and Bordeaux, The Guardian explained. It would not, however, impact connecting flights through Paris's Charles de Gaulle/Roissy airport.
The bill is part of a legislative package which aims to reduce France's emissions by 40 percent of 1990 levels by 2030, Reuters reported. It is a watered-down version of a proposal suggested by France's Citizens' Convention on Climate, BBC News explained. This group, which was formed by President Emmanuel Macron in 2019 and included 150 ordinary citizens, had put forward a ban on flights that could be replaced with an existing train journey of under four hours.
However, the journey length was lowered after protests from KLM-Air France, which had suffered heavy losses due to the coronavirus pandemic, and regions who were concerned about being left out of national transit networks, as The Guardian explained.
"We have chosen two and a half hours because four hours risks isolating landlocked territories including the greater Massif Central, which would be iniquitous," transport minister Jean-Baptiste Djebbari said, as The Guardian reported.
However, some environmental and consumer groups objected to the changes. The organization UFC-Que Choisir compared plane routes with equivalent train journeys of under four hours and found that the plane trips emitted an average of 77 times more carbon dioxide per passenger than the train journeys. At the same time, the train alternatives were cheaper and only as much as 40 minutes longer.
"[T]he government's choice actually aims to empty the measure of its substance," the group said, according to The Guardian.
The new measure also opens the French government to charges of hypocrisy. It bailed out Air France-KLM to the tune of a seven-billion euro loan last year, though it did require the airline to drop some domestic routes as a condition. Then, days before the measure passed, it more than doubled its stake in the airline, BBC News reported. However, Pannier-Runacher insisted to Europe 1 radio that it was possible to balance fighting climate change and supporting struggling businesses.
"Equally, we must support our companies and not let them fall by the wayside," she said, as Reuters reported.
This is not the first time that climate measures and aviation bailouts have coincided in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic. Austrian Airlines replaced its Vienna-Salzburg flight with additional train service after it received government money dependent on cutting greenhouse gas emissions, BBC News reported.
The number of flights worldwide declined almost 42 percent in 2020 when compared with 2019. It is expected that global aviation may not fully recover until 2024, according to Reuters.
- Could a Tax on International Travel Fund a Country's Response to ... ›
- Most People in the UK Back Limits on Flying to Tackle Climate Crisis ... ›
- To Fly or Not to Fly? The Environmental Cost of Air Travel - EcoWatch ›
Four gray whales have washed up dead near San Francisco within nine days, and at least one cause of death has been attributed to a ship strike.
More whales than usual have been washing up dead since 2019, and the West Coast gray whale population continues to suffer from an unusual mortality event, defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as "a stranding that is unexpected; involves a significant die-off of any marine mammal population; and demands immediate response."
"It's alarming to respond to four dead gray whales in just over a week because it really puts into perspective the current challenges faced by this species," Dr. Pádraig Duignan, director of pathology at the Marine Mammal Center, said in a press release.
As the world's largest marine mammal hospital, the Sausalito-based center has been investigating the recent spate of deaths. The first involved a 41-foot female who washed up dead at San Francisco's Crissy Field on March 31, SFGate reported. The cause of death remains a mystery, as the whale was in good condition with a full stomach. The second, another female, washed up on April 3 at Fitzgerald Marine Reserve on Moss Beach.
"That animal's cause of death, we suspect, was ship strike," the Marine Mammal Center's Giancarlo Rulli told SFGate. "Our plan is to eventually head back out to that whale and take more samples."
The third whale washed up April 7 near Berkeley Marina, The AP reported. The center determined it was a 37-foot male in average condition, with no evidence of illness or injury.
A 41-foot female turned up the next day on Marin County's Muir Beach. She suffered bruising and hemorrhaging around the jaw and neck vertebrae, indicating a vessel strike.
Vessel strikes are one of the leading causes of death for gray whales examined by the Marine Mammal Center, along with entanglements in fishing gear and malnutrition. While the species is not endangered, the population has declined by 25 percent since last assessed in 2016, CNN reported.
West Coast gray whales travel 10,000 miles every year between Mexico and the Arctic, according to The AP. They spend the winter breeding off of Baja California, and feed along the California coast in spring and summer on their way back north. The Marine Mammal Center began noticing a problem for the migrating whales in 2019.
"Our team hasn't responded to this number of dead gray whales in such a short span since 2019 when we performed a startling 13 necropsies in the San Francisco Bay Area," Dr. Duignan said in the press release.
The 2019 deaths led NOAA to declare an unusual mortality event for West Coast gray whales. It is similar to another event that happened from 1999 to 2000, after which the whales' numbers rebounded to even higher levels. This suggests population dips and rises may not be uncommon for the species. However, it is also possible that the climate crisis is playing a role. The 2019 deaths were linked to malnutrition, and warmer waters can reduce the amount of food whales have to eat in the Arctic, giving them less energy for their migration, CNN explained. Overfishing can also play a role in depriving whales of food, the Marine Mammal Center said.
Dr. Jeff Boehm, Marine Mammal Center CEO and veterinarian, told CNN that he had observed an uptick in shipping traffic after the pandemic caused a slowdown. At the same time, the center is less able to conduct research because of COVID-19 safety precautions. And even in the best of times, only around 10 percent of dead whales wash up on shore, The AP reported.
"This many dead whales in a week is shocking, especially because these animals are the tip of the iceberg," Kristen Monsell, legal director of the Center for Biological Diversity's Oceans program, told The AP.
- Drones Capture Stunning Footage of Humpback and Gray Whales ... ›
- Ninth Gray Whale in Two Months Washes Up Dead in Bay Area ... ›